Encyclopedia of Glass Science, Technology, History, and Culture. Группа авторов

A Short Overview: Processes and Products 3 The Float‐glass World 4 Perspectives References 9.7 Design and Operation of Glass Furnaces 1 Introduction 2 The Furnace Families 3 Melter 4 Heat Management 5 Furnace Design 6 NO_x Emissions 7 Perspectives References 9.8 Physics and Modeling of Glass Furnaces 1 Introduction 2 Furnace Parameters 3 The Physics of Glass Furnaces 4 Modeling of Glass Furnaces 5 Perspectives Appendix References 9.9 Glass Cullet: Sources, Uses, and Environmental Benefits 1 Introduction 2 Basic Features of Cullet 3 Glass Recycling 4 Separation Technologies 5 Miscellaneous 6 Environmental Aspects 7 Perspectives References 9.10 Immobilization of Municipal and Industrial Waste 1 Introduction 2 Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Residues 3 Environmental Impact of MSWI Residues 4 Special Residues 5 Perspectives References 9.11 Nuclear Waste Vitrification 1 Introduction 2 History of Nuclear Waste Vitrification 3 Nuclear Glasses 4 Long‐Term Stability of Nuclear Glass 5 Industrial Implementation of Nuclear Waste Vitrification 6 Perspectives References 9.12 The International Commission on Glass (ICG) 1 Introduction: Origins of ICG and Founding Members 2 ICG as an Organization 3 The ICG Committees 4 Public Activities 5 Perspectives References Section X.: History References Appendix X A Pliny’s Famous Account of the Origin of Glass in His Natural History 10.1 Obsidian in Prehistory 1 Introduction 2 Geological Formation, Properties, and Sources 3 Obsidian Use in Prehistory 4 Obsidian Studies 5 Provenance Analysis Methods 6 The Issue of Obsidian Sources: The European Region 7 Obsidian Artifacts Studied in the Western Mediterranean 8 Obsidian Trade and Socioeconomic Systems 9 Conclusions and Closing Perspectives Acknowledgments References 10.2 Ancient Glass, Late Bronze Age 1 Introduction 2 Early Glass: From Faience to Glassmaking 3 Chemical Composition: The Analytical Standpoint 4 Material Sources 5 The Issue of Provenance 6 The Isotopic Clues 7 Perspectives References 10.3 Roman Glass 1 Introduction 2 Glass Synthesis 3 Provenance and Location of Glassmaking 4