The 2001 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

- real growth rate: 2.5% (2000 est.)

      GDP - per capita: purchasing power parity - $2,600 (2000 est.)

      GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 16%

      industry: 31%

      services: 53% (1999 est.)

      Population below poverty line: 70% (1999 est.)

      Household income or consumption by percentage share: lowest 10%: 2.3%

      highest 10%: 31.7% (1990)

      Inflation rate (consumer prices): 4.4% (2000 est.)

      Labor force: 2.5 million

      Labor force - by occupation: agriculture NA%, industry NA%, services

       NA%

      Unemployment rate: 11.4% (1997)

      note: widespread underemployment

      Budget: revenues: $2.7 billion

      expenditures: $2.7 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (1998)

      Industries: mining, smelting, petroleum, food and beverages, tobacco, handicrafts, clothing

      Industrial production growth rate: 4% (1995 est.)

      Electricity - production: 3.625 billion kWh (1999)

      Electricity - production by source: fossil fuel: 56.61%

      hydro: 41.6%

      nuclear: 0%

      other: 1.79% (1999)

      Electricity - consumption: 3.377 billion kWh (1999)

      Electricity - exports: 4 million kWh (1999)

      Electricity - imports: 10 million kWh (1999)

      Agriculture - products: soybeans, coffee, coca, cotton, corn, sugarcane, rice, potatoes; timber

      Exports: $1.26 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.)

      Exports - commodities: soybeans, natural gas, zinc, gold, wood

      Exports - partners: UK 16%, US 12%, Peru 11%, Argentina 10%,

       Colombia 7% (1998)

      Imports: $1.86 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.)

      Imports - commodities: capital goods, raw materials and semi-manufactures, chemicals, petroleum, food

      Imports - partners: US 32%, Japan 24%, Brazil 12%, Argentina 12%,

       Chile 7%, Peru 4%, Germany 3%, other 6% (1998)

      Debt - external: $6.6 billion (2000)

      Economic aid - recipient: $588 million (1997)

      Currency: boliviano (BOB)

      Currency code: BOB

      Exchange rates: bolivianos per US dollar - 6.4071 (January 2001), 6.1835 (2000), 5.8124 (1999), 5.5101 (1998), 5.2543 (1997), 5.0746 (1996)

      Fiscal year: calendar year

      Bolivia Communications

      Telephones - main lines in use: 327,600 (1996)

      Telephones - mobile cellular: 116,000 (1997)

      Telephone system: general assessment: new subscribers face bureaucratic difficulties; most telephones are concentrated in La Paz and other cities; mobile cellular telephone use expanding rapidly

      domestic: primary trunk system, which is being expanded, employs digital microwave radio relay; some areas are served by fiber-optic cable; mobile cellular systems are being expanded

      international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean)

      Radio broadcast stations: AM 171, FM 73, shortwave 77 (1999)

      Radios: 5.25 million (1997)

      Television broadcast stations: 48 (1997)

      Televisions: 900,000 (1997)

      Internet country code: .bo

      Internet Service Providers (ISPs): 9 (2000)

      Internet users: 35,000 (2000)

      Bolivia Transportation

      Railways: total: 3,691 km (single track)

      narrow gauge: 3,652 km 1.000-m gauge; 39 km 0.760-m gauge (13 km electrified) (1995)

      Highways: total: 49,400 km

      paved: 2,500 km (including 30 km of expressways)

      unpaved: 46,900 km (1996)

      Waterways: 10,000 km (commercially navigable)

      Pipelines: crude oil 1,800 km; petroleum products 580 km; natural gas 1,495 km

      Ports and harbors: none; however, Bolivia has free port privileges in maritime ports in Argentina, Brazil, Chile, and Paraguay

      Merchant marine: total: 42 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 141,017 GRT/211,058 DWT

      ships by type: bulk 5, cargo 20, chemical tanker 3, container 1, petroleum tanker 10, roll on/roll off 3 (2000 est.)

      Airports: 1,093 (2000 est.)

      Airports - with paved runways: total: 13

      over 3,047 m: 4

      2,438 to 3,047 m: 3

      1,524 to 2,437 m: 4

      914 to 1,523 m: 2 (2000 est.)

      Airports - with unpaved runways: total: 1,080

      2,438 to 3,047 m: 3

      1,524 to 2,437 m: 65

      914 to 1,523 m: 212

      under 914 m: 800 (2000 est.)

      Bolivia Military

      Military branches: Army (Ejercito Boliviano), Navy (Fuerza Naval

       Boliviana, includes Marines), Air Force (Fuerza Aerea Boliviana),

       National Police Force (Policia Nacional de Bolivia)

      Military manpower - military age: 19 years of age

      Military manpower - availability: males age 15–49: 2,005,660 (2001 est.)

      Military manpower - fit for military service: males age 15–49: 1,306,452 (2001 est.)

      Military manpower - reaching military age annually: males: 90,120 (2001 est.)

      Military expenditures - dollar figure: $147 million (FY99)

      Military expenditures - percent of GDP: 1.8% (FY99)

      Bolivia Transnational Issues

      Disputes - international: has wanted a sovereign corridor to the South Pacific Ocean since the Atacama area was lost to Chile in 1884; dispute with Chile over Rio Lauca water rights

      Illicit drugs: world's third-largest cultivator of coca (after Colombia and Peru, a distant second) with an estimated 14,600 hectares under cultivation in 2000, a 33% decrease in overall cultivation of coca from 1999 levels; intermediate coca products and cocaine exported to or through Colombia, Brazil, Argentina, and Chile to the US and other international drug markets; eradication and alternative crop programs have slashed illicit coca cultivation during the BANZER administration beginning in 1997

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      @Bosnia and Herzegovina

      Bosnia and Herzegovina Introduction

      Background: Bosnia and Herzegovina's declaration of sovereignty in October 1991, was followed by a referendum for independence from the former Yugoslavia in February 1992. The Bosnian Serbs - supported by neighboring Serbia - responded with armed resistance aimed at partitioning the republic along ethnic lines and joining