The Science of Health Disparities Research. Группа авторов

Steps to Addressing Healthcare Disparities 19.6 Implement Evidence‐based Strategies to Eliminate Disparities 19.7 Invest in Health Equity Performance Measures 19.8 Incentivize the Reduction of Health Disparities 19.9 Advice for a Healthcare Disparities Researcher 19.10 Conclusion 19.11 Key Points Disclaimer References

      26  20 Health Communication as a Mediator of Health and Healthcare Disparities 20.1 Introduction: Scope and Conceptual Framework 20.2 Risk Factors for Health Communication Disparities and Impact on Communication and Health Outcomes 20.3 An Example of Systems‐based Approaches: Creating Health‐Literate Healthcare Systems 20.4 Interventions to Mitigate Other Communication Risk Factors 20.5 Future Directions for Communications Research: Measurement and Implementation 20.6 Key Points Disclaimer References

      27  21 Comparative Effectiveness Research in Health Disparity Populations 21.1 Introduction 21.2 Background 21.3 CER Study Designs 21.4 CER Measures 21.5 Approaches to CER 21.6 Applications of CER in Health Disparity Populations 21.7 Social Determinants of Health 21.8 Groups with Particular Needs for CER 21.9 Major Public Health/Policy Interventions as a Result of CER 21.10 Multisectoral Impact of CER on Disparities 21.11 Future Directions of CER 21.12 Key Points Disclaimer References

      28  22 The Role of Electronic Health Records and Health Information Technology in Addressing Health Disparities 22.1 Introduction 22.2 Healthcare Data and Electronic Records 22.3 Overview of Health Information Technologies 22.4 Application of Digital Health and Health Information Technologies to Addressing Disparities 22.5 Conclusions: Challenges and Opportunities in Health Information Technologies Implementation 22.6 Key Points Acknowledgments Disclaimer References

      29  23 Precision Medicine and Health Disparities 23.1 The Promise of Precision Medicine 23.2 Methods in Precision Medicine and Applications in Health Disparities 23.3 Future Directions and Research Needs 23.4 Genomic Health Literacy 23.5 Success in Precision Medicine 23.6 Conclusion 23.7 Key Points Acknowledgments Disclaimer References

      30  24 Recruitment, Inclusion, and Diversity in Clinical Trials 24.1 Background/Context 24.2 Understanding Barriers to Inclusion in Clinical Research 24.3 Best Practices for Optimizing Inclusion in Clinical Research 24.4 Future Directions and Research Needs 24.5 Conclusion 24.6 Key Points Disclaimer References

      31  25 Sexual and Gender Minority Health DisparitiesConcepts, Methods, and Future Directions 25.1 Introduction to the Topic, Including Key Definitions 25.2 How and Why This Topic is Important to Minority Health and Health Disparities Research 25.3 Most Relevant Measures and Research Methods Used and Recommended 25.4 Selected Examples of the State of the Science to Illustrate Best Practices 25.5 Challenges and Future Opportunities