Manual of Equine Lameness. Gary M. Baxter

may suggest ...Figure 1.14 Palpation of the distal sesamoidean ligaments, branches of the S...Figure 1.15 Tension is applied to the collateral ligaments supporting the fe...Figure 1.16 The finger marks the palmar recesses of the fetlock joint capsul...Figure 1.17 Palpation of the digital flexor synovial sheath around the super...Figure 1.18 Digital pressure applied to the apical sesamoid region to detect...Figure 1.19 The fetlock flexion test is performed by extending the carpus an...Figure 1.20 Palpation over the dorsal middle third of the metacarpus to iden...Figure 1.21 Palpation of the medial (axial) surfaces of the small metacarpal...Figure 1.22 Palpation of the origin of the suspensory ligament in the proxim...Figure 1.23 Method that can be used to apply digital pressure to the suspens...Figure 1.24 Method that can be used to apply digital pressure to the suspens...Figure 1.25 Palpation of the flexor tendons with the fetlock flexed to permi...Figure 1.26 Effusion of the extensor carpi radialis tendon sheath is usually...Figure 1.27 Effusion of the radiocarpal joint was visible and easily palpabl...Figure 1.28 Flexion of the carpus to identify a painful response. In the nor...Figure 1.29 The dorsal articular margins of the carpal bones can be palpated...Figure 1.30 Palpation of the accessory carpal bone is best done with the car...Figure 1.31 Elevating the limb into extension to flex the elbow joint extend...Figure 1.32 Atrophy of the shoulder muscles in young horses is often seen wi...Figure 1.33 Thumb pressure applied just cranial to the infraspinatus tendon ...Figure 1.34 Young horse with effusion of the TC joint that is easily compres...Figure 1.35 Effusion of the tarsal sheath on the medial aspect of the tarsus...Figure 1.36 Effusion within the calcaneal bursa often can be palpated as flu...Figure 1.37 Enlargement of the medial aspect of the distal tarsus (arrow).Figure 1.38 Limb and hand positioning to perform the “Churchill” test to det...Figure 1.39 Tendinitis of the SDFT in the proximal metatarsal region, which ...Figure 1.40 Lateral displacement of the superficial digital flexor tendon fr...Figure 1.41 Horse with fibrotic myopathy of the left hindlimb. There is atro...Figure 1.42 Reciprocal apparatus, lateral view of left hindlimb. Please note...Figure 1.43 Deep dissection of medial aspect of left stifle. The tendon of a...Figure 1.44 Effusion can be seen and palpated within the FP joint cranial to...Figure 1.45 Visible and palpable effusion within the MFT joint is present ju...Figure 1.46 The horse is experiencing upward fixation of the patella. The li...Figure 1.47 Positioning to check for problems with the cranial cruciate liga...Figure 1.48 Test to stress the medial collateral ligaments of the hock and s...Figure 1.49 Typical toe‐out, hock‐in stance that often accompanies problems ...Figure 1.50 Severe atrophy of the left gluteal muscles secondary to a pelvic...Figure 1.51 (a) Palpation of the summits of the dorsal spinous processes to ...Figure 1.52 Firm pressure applied to the back musculature from the withers t...Figure 1.53 Hand and limb positioning to perform distal limb flexion (phalan...Figure 1.54 Upper limb flexion test in which the limb is pulled cranially an...Figure 1.55 Flexion of the upper forelimb can be performed by grasping the a...Figure 1.56 Hock or tarsal flexion (spavin) test. The hindlimb is flexed so ...Figure 1.57 Positioning to perform hock or tarsal flexion of the hindlimb, w...Figure 1.58 Flexion of the stifle is performed by pulling the hindlimb cauda...Figure 1.59 Positioning to perform a full limb flexion of the hindlimb.Figure 1.60 A (10″ × 10″) 15^° wooden wedge block with a nonslip surface...Figure 1.61 Overall vertical head trajectory pattern for horse with impact‐t...Figure 1.62 Two methods of hindlimb lameness detection and evaluation. Verti...Figure 1.63 (A) Fetlock extension and (B) coffin flexion angles during full ...Figure 1.64 Hindlimb protraction is easily seen when viewing from the side o...Figure 1.65 Stationary force plate set for evaluation of lameness in horses....Figure 1.66 Stationary force plate data (from a single hoof strike) of relev...Figure 1.67 The Q™ (hardware) with Lameness Locator^® (software) on stan...Figure 1.68 Output of Lameness Locator^® indicating right forelimb impac...Figure 1.69 Output of Lameness Locator^® indicating right hindlimb pusho...Figure 1.70 Known compensatory lameness patterns. (a) First part of the law ...Figure 1.71 This image illustrates the positioning to perform a PD nerve blo...Figure 1.72 Injection sites for a PD nerve block. In (A), the needle is inse...