The 1992 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

Party, Brian MULRONEY; Liberal Party, Jean

       CHRETIEN; New Democratic Party, Audrey McLAUGHLIN

       Suffrage:

       universal at age 18

       Elections:

       House of Commons:

       last held 21 November 1988 (next to be held by November 1993); results -

       Progressive Conservative Party 43.0%, Liberal Party 32%, New Democratic

       Party 20%, other 5%; seats - (295 total) Progressive Conservative Party 159,

       Liberal Party 80, New Democratic Party 44, independents 12

       Communists:

       3,000

       Member of:

       ACCT, AfDB, AG (observer), APEC, AsDB, Australia Group, BIS, C, CCC, CDB,

       COCOM, CP, CSCE, EBRD, ECE, ECLAC, FAO, G-7, G-8, G-10, GATT, IADB, IAEA,

       IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, IDA, IEA, IFAD, IFC, ILO, IMF, IMO, INMARSAT,

       INTELSAT, INTERPOL, IOC, IOM, ISO, ITU, LORCS, MTCR, NACC, NATO, NEA, NSG,

       OAS, OECD, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNDOF, UNESCO, UNFICYP, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIIMOG,

       UNTSO, UPU, WCL, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, ZC

      :Canada Government

      Diplomatic representation:

       Ambassador Derek BURNEY; Chancery at 501 Pennsylvania Avenue NW, Washington,

       DC 20001; telephone [phone]; there are Canadian Consulates General in

       Atlanta, Boston, Buffalo, Chicago, Cleveland, Dallas, Detroit, Los Angeles,

       Minneapolis, New York, Philadelphia, San Francisco, and Seattle

       US:

       Ambassador Peter TEELEY; Embassy at 100 Wellington Street, K1P 5T1, Ottawa

       (mailing address is P. O. Box 5000, Ogdensburg, NY 13669-0430); telephone

       [phone] or [phone]; FAX [phone]; there are US

       Consulates General in Calgary, Halifax, Montreal, Quebec, Toronto, and

       Vancouver

       Flag:

       three vertical bands of red (hoist side), white (double width, square), and

       red with a red maple leaf centered in the white band

      :Canada Economy

      Overview:

       As an affluent, high-tech industrial society, Canada today closely resembles

       the US in per capita output, market-oriented economic system, and pattern of

       production. Since World War II the impressive growth of the manufacturing,

       mining, and service sectors has transformed the nation from a largely rural

       economy into one primarily industrial and urban. In the 1980s, Canada

       registered one of the highest rates of real growth among the OECD nations,

       averaging about 3.2%. With its great natural resources, skilled labor force,

       and modern capital plant, Canada has excellent economic prospects. However,

       the continuing constitutional impasse between English- and French-speaking

       areas has observers discussing a possible split in the confederation;

       foreign investors are becoming edgy.

       GDP:

       purchasing power equivalent - $521.5 billion, per capita $19,400; real

       growth rate -1.1% (1991 est.)

       Inflation rate (consumer prices):

       4.2% (November 1991, annual rate)

       Unemployment rate:

       10.3% (November 1991)

       Budget:

       revenues $111.8 billion; expenditures $138.3 billion, including capital

       expenditures of $NA (FY90 est.)

       Exports:

       $124.0 billion (f.o.b., 1991)

       commodities:

       newsprint, wood pulp, timber, crude petroleum, machinery, natural gas,

       aluminum, motor vehicles and parts; telecommunications equipment

       partners:

       US, Japan, UK, Germany, South Korea, Netherlands, China

       Imports:

       $118 billion (c.i.f., 1991)

       commodities:

       crude petroleum, chemicals, motor vehicles and parts, durable consumer

       goods, electronic computers; telecommunications equipment and parts

       partners:

       US, Japan, UK, Germany, France, Mexico, Taiwan, South Korea

       External debt:

       $247 billion (1987)

       Industrial production:

       growth rate -3.8% (August 1991); accounts for 34% of GDP

       Electricity:

       106,464,000 kW capacity; 479,600 million kWh produced, 17,872 kWh per capita

       (1991)

       Industries:

       processed and unprocessed minerals, food products, wood and paper products,

       transportation equipment, chemicals, fish products, petroleum and natural

       gas

       Agriculture:

       accounts for about 3% of GDP; one of the world's major producers and

       exporters of grain (wheat and barley); key source of US agricultural

       imports; large forest resources cover 35% of total land area; commercial

       fisheries provide annual catch of 1.5 million metric tons, of which 75% is

       exported

       Illicit drugs:

       illicit producer of cannabis for the domestic drug market; use of

       hydroponics technology permits growers to plant large quantities of

       high-quality marijuana indoors; growing role as a transit point for heroin

       and cocaine entering the US market

      :Canada Economy

      Economic aid:

       donor - ODA and OOF commitments (1970-89), $7.2 billion

       Currency:

       Canadian dollar (plural - dollars); 1 Canadian dollar (Can$) = 100 cents

       Exchange rates:

       Canadian dollars (Can$) per US$1 - 1.1565 (January 1992), 1.1457 (1991),

       1.1668 (1990), 1.1840 (1989), 1.2307 (1988), 1.3260 (1987)

       Fiscal year:

       1 April - 31 March

      :Canada Communications

      Railroads:

       93,544 km total; two major transcontinental freight railway systems -

       Canadian National (government owned) and Canadian Pacific Railway; passenger

       service - VIA (government operated)

       Highways:

       884,272 km total; 712,936 km surfaced (250,023 km paved), 171,336 km earth

       Inland waterways:

       3,000 km, including Saint Lawrence Seaway

       Pipelines:

       crude and refined oil 23,564 km; natural gas 74,980 km

       Ports: