The 1992 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

about 65,000 km total; includes 2,682 km paved, 32,318 km gravel and

       improved earth, and 30,000 km of unimproved earth

       Inland waterways:

       2,090 km; of decreasing importance

       Ports:

       Douala

       Merchant marine:

       2 cargo ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 24,122 GRT/33,509 DWT

       Civil air:

       5 major transport aircraft

       Airports:

       56 total, 50 usable; 10 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with runways over

       3,659 m; 5 with runways 2,440-3,659 m; 21 with runways 1,220-2,439 m

       Telecommunications:

       good system of open wire, cable, troposcatter, and radio relay; 26,000

       telephones; broadcast stations - 11 AM, 11 FM, 1 TV; 2 Atlantic Ocean

       INTELSAT earth stations

      :Cameroon Defense Forces

      Branches:

       Army, Navy (including naval infantry), Air Force; National Gendarmerie,

       Presidential Guards

       Manpower availability:

       males 15-49, 2,753,059; 1,385,706 fit for military service; 120,011 reach

       military age (18) annually

       Defense expenditures:

       exchange rate conversion - $219 million, 1.7% of GDP (1990 est.)

      :Canada Geography

      Total area:

       9,976,140 km2

       Land area:

       9,220,970 km2

       Comparative area:

       slightly larger than US

       Land boundaries:

       8,893 km with US (includes 2,477 km with Alaska)

       Coastline:

       243,791 km

       Maritime claims:

       Continental shelf:

       200 m (depth) or to depth of exploitation

       Exclusive fishing zone:

       200 nm

       Territorial sea:

       12 nm

       Disputes:

       maritime boundary disputes with the US

       Climate:

       varies from temperate in south to subarctic and arctic in north

       Terrain:

       mostly plains with mountains in west and lowlands in southeast

       Natural resources:

       nickel, zinc, copper, gold, lead, molybdenum, potash, silver, fish, timber,

       wildlife, coal, crude oil, natural gas

       Land use:

       arable land 5%; permanent crops NEGL%; meadows and pastures 3%; forest and

       woodland 35%; other 57%; includes NEGL% irrigated

       Environment:

       80% of population concentrated within 160 km of US border; continuous

       permafrost in north a serious obstacle to development

       Note:

       second-largest country in world (after Russia); strategic location between

       Russia and US via north polar route

      :Canada People

      Population:

       27,351,509 (July 1992), growth rate 1.3% (1992)

       Birth rate:

       14 births/1,000 population (1992)

       Death rate:

       7 deaths/1,000 population (1992)

       Net migration rate:

       6 migrants/1,000 population (1992)

       Infant mortality rate:

       7 deaths/1,000 live births (1992)

       Life expectancy at birth:

       74 years male, 81 years female (1992)

       Total fertility rate:

       1.8 children born/woman (1992)

       Nationality:

       noun - Canadian(s); adjective - Canadian

       Ethnic divisions:

       British Isles origin 40%, French origin 27%, other European 20%, indigenous

       Indian and Eskimo 1.5%

       Religions:

       Roman Catholic 46%, United Church 16%, Anglican 10%

       Languages:

       English and French (both official)

       Literacy:

       99% (male NA%, female NA%) age 15 and over can read and write (1981 est.)

       Labor force:

       13,380,000; services 75%, manufacturing 14%, agriculture 4%, construction

       3%, other 4% (1988)

       Organized labor:

       30.6% of labor force; 39.6% of nonagricultural paid workers

      :Canada Government

      Long-form name:

       none

       Type:

       confederation with parliamentary democracy

       Capital:

       Ottawa

       Administrative divisions:

       10 provinces and 2 territories*; Alberta, British Columbia, Manitoba, New

       Brunswick, Newfoundland, Northwest Territories*, Nova Scotia, Ontario,

       Prince Edward Island, Quebec, Saskatchewan, Yukon Territory*

       Independence:

       1 July 1867 (from UK)

       Constitution:

       amended British North America Act 1867 patriated to Canada 17 April 1982;

       charter of rights and unwritten customs

       Legal system:

       based on English common law, except in Quebec, where civil law system based

       on French law prevails; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with

       reservations

       National holiday:

       Canada Day, 1 July (1867)

       Executive branch:

       British monarch, governor general, prime minister, deputy prime minister,

       Cabinet

       Legislative branch:

       bicameral Parliament (Parlement) consists of an upper house or Senate

       (Senat) and a lower house or House of Commons (Chambre des Communes)

       Judicial branch:

       Supreme Court

       Leaders:

       Chief of State:

       Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952), represented by Governor General

       Raymond John HNATSHYN (since 29 January 1990)

       Head of Government:

       Prime Minister (Martin) Brian MULRONEY (since 4 September 1984); Deputy

       Prime Minister Donald Frank MAZANKOWSKI (since June 1986)

       Political parties and leaders:

       Progressive Conservative