The 1992 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

1.435-meter standard gauge, 1.676-meter broad gauge, 1.000-meter narrow

       gauge, and 0.750-meter narrow gauge

       Highways:

       208,350 km total; 47,550 km paved, 39,500 km gravel, 101,000 km improved

       earth, 20,300 km unimproved earth

       Inland waterways:

       11,000 km navigable

       Pipelines:

       crude oil 4,090 km; petroleum products 2,900 km; natural gas 9,918 km

       Ports:

       Bahia Blanca, Buenos Aires, Necochea, Rio Gallegos, Rosario, Santa Fe

       Merchant marine:

       98 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,235,385 GRT/1,952,307 DWT; includes

       35 cargo, 6 refrigerated cargo, 6 container, 1 railcar carrier, 33 oil

       tanker, 4 chemical tanker, 3 liquefied gas, 10 bulk; in addition, 2 naval

       tankers and 1 military transport are sometimes used commercially

       Civil air:

       56 major transport aircraft

       Airports:

       1,702 total, 1,473 usable; 137 with permanent-surface runways; 1 with

       runways over 3,659 m; 31 with runways 2,440-3,659 m; 326 with runways

       1,220-2,439 m

       Telecommunications:

       extensive modern system; 2,650,000 telephones (12,000 public telephones);

       microwave widely used; broadcast stations - 171 AM, no FM, 231 TV, 13

       shortwave; 2 Atlantic Ocean INTELSAT earth stations; domestic satellite

       network has 40 earth stations

      :Argentina Defense Forces

      Branches:

       Argentine Army, Navy of the Argentine Republic, Argentine Air Force,

       National Gendarmerie, Argentine Naval Prefecture (Coast Guard only),

       National Aeronautical Police Force

       Manpower availability:

       males 15-49, 8,101,856; 6,568,885 fit for military service; 276,457 reach

       military age (20) annually

       Defense expenditures:

       exchange rate conversion - $700 million, 1.5% of GDP (1991)

      :Armenia Geography

      Total area:

       29,800 km2

       Land area:

       28,400 km2

       Comparative area:

       slightly larger than Maryland

       Land boundaries:

       1,254 km total; Azerbaijan (east) 566 km, Azerbaijan (south) 221 km, Georgia

       164 km, Iran 35 km, Turkey 268 km

       Coastline:

       none - landlocked

       Maritime claims:

       none - landlocked

       Disputes:

       violent and longstanding dispute with Azerbaijan over ethnically Armenian

       exclave of Nagorno-Karabakh; some irredentism by Armenians living in

       southern Georgia; traditional demands on former Armenian lands in Turkey

       have greatly subsided

       Climate:

       continental, hot, and subject to drought

       Terrain:

       high Armenian Plateau with mountain; little forest land; fast flowing

       rivers; good soil in Aras River valley

       Natural resources:

       small deposits of gold, copper, molybdenum, zinc, alumina

       Land use:

       10% arable land; NA% permanent crops; NA% meadows and pastures; NA% forest

       and woodland; NA% other; NA% irrigated

       Environment:

       pollution of Razdan and Aras Rivers; air pollution in Yerevan

      :Armenia People

      Population:

       3,415,566 (July 1992), growth rate 0.8% (1992)

       Birth rate:

       22 births/1,000 population (1992)

       Death rate:

       7 deaths/1,000 population (1992)

       Net migration rate:

       —7 migrants/1,000 population (1992)

       Infant mortality rate:

       35 deaths/1,000 live births (1992)

       Life expectancy at birth:

       68 years male, 74 years female (1992)

       Total fertility rate:

       2.7 children born/woman (1992)

       Nationality:

       noun - Armenian(s); adjective - Armenian

       Ethnic divisions:

       Armenian 93.3%, Russian 1.5%, Kurd 1.7%, other 3.5%

       Religions:

       Armenian Orthodox 94%

       Languages:

       Armenian 93%, Russian 2%, other 5%

       Literacy:

       NA% (male NA%, female NA%) age 15 and over can read and write (NA)

       Labor force:

       1,630,000; industry and construction 42%, agriculture and forestry 18%,

       other 40%(1990)

       Organized labor:

       NA

      :Armenia Government

      Long-form name:

       Republic of Armenia

       Type:

       republic

       Capital:

       Yerevan

       Administrative divisions:

       none - all rayons are under direct republic jurisdiction

       Independence:

       Armenian Republic formed 29 November 1920 and became part of the Soviet

       Union on 30 December 1922; on 23 September 1991, Armenia renamed itself the

       Republic of Armenia

       Constitution:

       adopted NA April 1978, effective NA

       Legal system:

       based on civil law system

       National holiday:

       NA

       Executive branch:

       President, Council of Ministers, prime minister

       Legislative branch:

       unicameral body - Supreme Soviet

       Judicial branch:

       Supreme Court

       Leaders:

       Chief of State:

       President Levon Akopovich TER-PETROSYAN (since 16 October 1991), Vice

       President Gagik ARUTYUNYAN (since 16 October 1991)

       Head of Government:

       Prime Minister Gagik ARUTYUNYAN (since November 1991), First Deputy Prime

       Minister Grant BAGRATYAN (since NA September 1990); Supreme Soviet Chairman

       - Babken