First virtual Bilateral Conference on Functional Materials (BiC-FM). Сборник статей

materials for Li-ion batteries

      17.30–17.45

      Oral talk 8 Dr. Muhammad Asghar

      Ceramic fuel cell fabrication trend from conventional methods to digital printing

      Structure of graphitized films formed on the diamond surface under high-temperature annealing

      A.V. Okotrub¹, D.V. Gorodetskii¹, Y.N. Palyanov², A.L. Chuvilin³, L.G. Bulusheva¹

      1 – Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia

      2 – Sobolev Institute of Geology and Mineralogy SB RAS, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia

      3 – CIC nanoGUNE Consolider, E-20018 San Sebastian, Spain

      [email protected]

      Diamond crystals with a facet size exceeding the size of the focus of the X-ray beam incident on the sample were synthesized by the HPHT method were heated to a temperature of 850 °C and 1250 °C for 15 minutes. Annealing of samples of single crystals was carried out in a high-vacuum chamber of the Russian-German laboratory at the BESSY II synchrotron source. XPS spectroscopy was used to study the structure of carbon layers on diamond faces of different symmetries and with thin layers of iron and nickel deposited on a diamond. A higher rate of graphitization of the (111) face is shown. From the data of the angular dependence of NEXAFS, the directionality of the sp² carbon layers relative to the diamond surface is determined. The data obtained indicate a catalytic effect of the metal on the process of the formation of graphene structures. Transmission electron microscopy data demonstrate the characteristic size and misorientation of individual graphene layers for different symmetry of diamond faces.

      Acknowledgement.This work was supported by the Russian Foundation for Basic Research, grant 19-03-00425.

Prof. Dr. Alexander Okotrub

      Alexander Okotrub graduated from the Physics Department of Novosibirsk State University in 1980, specialized in the Chemical Physics. Since 1980, A. Okotrub worked as an intern-researcher at Nikolaev Institute of Inorganic Chemistry SB RAS (NIIC SB RAS) as post-graduate student, junior researcher, research associate, senior researcher, leading researcher and principal researcher. At present he is the head of the Laboratory of Physics Chemistry of Nanomaterials and the head of the Department of the Chemistry of Functional Materials of the NIIC SB RAS. He is professor in physical chemistry and leads the Laboratory of Carbon Nanomaterials at the Novosibirsk State University. In his work, an approach is used that combines methods for synthesizing carbon nanostructures (fullerenes, nanotubes, graphene, nanodiamonds, etc.), methods for their chemical modification and the creation of composite and hybrid structures, as well as methods for studying the structure and physicochemical properties of the produced materials. Considerable attention is paid to X-ray and photoelectron spectroscopy and quantum-chemical calculations for studying the electronic structure and properties of new materials. A. Okotrub published 360 scientific papers. He lectures on "Functional materials" for students of the Novosibirsk State University and "Materials and their properties" for post-graduate students of the NIIC SB RAS.

      FC–CVD synthesis large diameter CNTs for transparent conductor applications

      Qiang Zhang, Datta Sukanta, Hua Jiang, Esko I. Kauppinen

      Department of Applied Physics, Aalto University School of Science, PO Box 15100, FI-00076 Aalto, Espoo, FINLAND

      [email protected]

      Many efforts have been devoted to increasing the conductivity of CNT TCFs made with the floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition (FC–CVD). However, intrinsic nanotube collisions in the aerosol process of FC–CVD lead to a tread-off between yield and performance, because bundling increases when increasing the yield i.e. production rate, with the bundling reducing the growth rate as well as increasing sheet resistance at the given film transmittance. Here, we report TCFs of large-diameter CNTs from methane-based FC–CVD overcoming the performance-yield tradeoff. Based on the Fe-C-S system, the double-wall CNTs (DWCNTs) with a mean diameter of 4.15 nm and a mean bundle length of 20 um have been synthesized via FC–CVD and directly deposited to form TCFs. After gold chloride solution doping, the TCFs have an excellent performance of 42 ohm/sq sheet resistance at 90 % transmittance. Unexpectedly, these high-performance DWCNTs films have an ultra-high yield i.e. production rate, being two orders of magnitude higher than that of SWCNT based TCFs with similar performance. Especially, these high-yield DWCNTs films contain ‘small’ bundles with around 50 % of CNTs being individual, which is completely different from other FC–CVD results for SWCNTs produced at much lower yield. Moreover, the large-diameter DWCNTs seem to flatten at the junctions, which may provide a larger contact area between the tubes and accordingly reduce the contact resistance. These unique features of large-diameter CNTs in ‘small’ bundles offer the route to obtain high-performance CNT TCFs with high yield. These results imply a new model with optimization windows for high-performance CNT TCFs with high yields and accordingly at reduced cost, and may accelerate the practical application of CNTs TCFs.

      Professor Esko I. Kauppinen, PhD (Physics) is the Vice-Dean responsible for research, innovations and industry relationships at the Aalto University School of Science and Tenured Professor of Physics at the Department of Applied Physics. He has published more than 443 scientific journal papers e.g. in Nature Nanotechnology, NanoLetters, ACS Nano, Angewandte Chemie, Carbon, Energy and Environmental Sciences etc., having Hirsch-index over 52 and over 10 600 citations. He has given more than 120 keynote and invited conference talks and 220 talks at world leading companies and universities. He is considered one of the world leading authors in the area of single walled carbon nanotube synthesis, characterisation and thin film applications as well as in the gas phase synthesis of particles for inhalation drug delivery. He is the founding member of the companies Canatu Oy (http://www.canatu.com) and Teicos Pharma Oy (www.teicospharma.com).

      Characterization of the distribution of multilayer carbon nanotubes in polymer composites using cyclic measurements of current-voltage characteristics

      S. I. Moseenkov¹, A. V. Zavorin^1,2, and V. L. Kuznetsov^1,2

      ¹ Boreskov Institute of Catalysis SB RAS, Lavrentiev ave. 5, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia

      ² Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova str. 2, 630090 Novosibirsk, Russia

      [email protected]

      In this paper we suggested a method for evaluating the uniformity of the nanotube distribution in the MWCNT-polymer composites based on sequential measurements of their current-voltage-conductivity (СVС) characteristics in a wide range of applied voltages (E, up to 10³ V/mm). The MWCNTs in the composites form ohmic contacts (direct contacts between the nanotubes) and non-ohmic contacts (nanotubes in the contact are separated by several polymer chains). In our study we investigated composites with polyethylene and poly(methyl methacrylate) matrixes produced using MWCNTs with different aspect ratio (AR, 36 to 3000). In composites with uniform distribution of nanotubes (near the percolation threshold), large number of non-ohmic contacts results in high specific resistivity to 10¹³-10¹⁴ Ω・cm. This makes it difficult to measure the resistance at low E and impairs reproducibility of the results because partial transformation of contacts due to the heat release under electrical current takes place during the measurements already at E = 0.3 V/mm and current density 4・10^-8 A/cm². Furthermore, in the case of a high applied voltage, the decrease in resistance can reach 10⁵ due to the formation of new ohmic contacts between nanotubes. The number of ohmic contacts in the composites also increases when the conductivity and I–V characteristics are measured due to irreversible transformation of non-ohmic contacts into ohmic contacts under the action of electrical thermal breakdown.