The 2005 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

engineering, electronics, wood and wood products, textile;

       information technology, telecommunications

      Industrial production growth rate:

       5% (2000 est.)

      Electricity - production:

       8.301 billion kWh (2002)

      Electricity - production by source: fossil fuel: 99.8% hydro: 0.1% nuclear: 0% other: 0.2% (2001)

      Electricity - consumption:

       6.358 billion kWh (2002)

      Electricity - exports:

       1.562 billion kWh (2002)

      Electricity - imports:

       200 million kWh (2002)

      Oil - production:

       5,100 bbl/day (2001 est.)

      Oil - consumption:

       24,000 bbl/day (2001 est.)

      Oil - exports:

       NA

      Oil - imports:

       NA

      Natural gas - production:

       0 cu m (2001 est.)

      Natural gas - consumption:

       1.27 billion cu m (2001 est.)

      Natural gas - exports:

       0 cu m (2001 est.)

      Natural gas - imports:

       1.27 billion cu m (2001 est.)

      Current account balance:

       $-1.169 billion (2004 est.)

      Exports:

       $5.701 billion f.o.b. (2004 est.)

      Exports - commodities:

       machinery and equipment 33%, wood and paper 15%, textiles 14%, food

       products 8%, furniture 7%, metals, chemical products (2001)

      Exports - partners:

       Finland 23.1%, Sweden 15.3%, Germany 8.4%, Latvia 7.9%, Russia

       5.7%, Lithuania 4.4% (2004)

      Imports:

       $7.318 billion f.o.b. (2004 est.)

      Imports - commodities:

       machinery and equipment 33.5%, chemical products 11.6%, textiles

       10.3%, foodstuffs 9.4%, transportation equipment 8.9% (2001)

      Imports - partners:

       Finland 22.1%, Germany 12.9%, Sweden 9.7%, Russia 9.2%, Lithuania

       5.3%, Latvia 4.7% (2004)

      Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:

       $1.503 billion (2004 est.)

      Debt - external:

       $8.373 billion (2004 est.)

      Economic aid - recipient:

       $108 million (2000)

      Currency (code):

       Estonian kroon (EEK)

      Currency code:

       EEK

      Exchange rates:

       krooni per US dollar - 12.596 (2004), 13.856 (2003), 16.612 (2002),

       17.478 (2001), 16.969 (2000)

      Fiscal year:

       calendar year

      Communications Estonia

      Telephones - main lines in use:

       475,000 (2002)

      Telephones - mobile cellular:

       881,000 (2002)

      Telephone system:

       general assessment: foreign investment in the form of joint

       business ventures greatly improved telephone service; substantial

       fiber-optic cable systems carry telephone, TV, and radio traffic in

       the digital mode; Internet services are available throughout most of

       the country - only about 11,000 subscriber requests were unfilled by

       September 2000

       domestic: a wide range of high quality voice, data, and Internet

       services is available throughout the country

       international: country code - 372; fiber-optic cables to Finland,

       Sweden, Latvia, and Russia provide worldwide packet-switched

       service; two international switches are located in Tallinn (2001)

      Radio broadcast stations:

       AM 0, FM 98, shortwave 0 (2001)

      Radios:

       1.01 million (1997)

      Television broadcast stations:

       3 (2001)

      Televisions:

       605,000 (1997)

      Internet country code:

       .ee

      Internet hosts:

       82,142 (2004)

      Internet Service Providers (ISPs):

       38 (2001)

      Internet users:

       444,000 (2002)

      Transportation Estonia

      Railways: total: 958 km broad gauge: 958 km 1.520-m/1.524-m gauge (132 km electrified) (2004)

      Highways:

       total: 55,944 km

       paved: 13,874 km (including 99 km of expressways)

       unpaved: 42,070 km (2002)

      Waterways:

       500 km (2003)

      Pipelines:

       gas 859 km (2004)

      Ports and harbors:

       Kopli, Kuivastu, Muuga, Tallinn, Virtsu

      Merchant marine:

       total: 43 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 212,998 GRT/177,488 DWT

       by type: cargo 17, passenger/cargo 20, petroleum tanker 2, roll

       on/roll off 4

       foreign-owned: 6 (Norway 6)

       registered in other countries: 51 (2005)

      Airports:

       29 (2004 est.)

      Airports - with paved runways:

       total: 14

       over 3,047 m: 1

       2,438 to 3,047 m: 8

       1,524 to 2,437 m: 1

       914 to 1,523 m: 3

       under 914 m: 1 (2004 est.)

      Airports - with unpaved runways:

       total: 15

       over 3,047 m: 1

       2,438 to 3,047 m: 1

       1,524 to 2,437 m: 3

       914 to 1,523 m: 4

       under 914 m: 6 (2004 est.)

      Military Estonia

      Military branches:

       Estonian Defense Forces: Ground Forces, Navy, Air Force and Air

       Defense Staff, Republic Security Forces (internal and border

       troops), Volunteer Defense League (Kaitseliit), Maritime Border

       Guard,