The 2010 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

population: 47% of total population (2008)

      rate of urbanization: 1.9% annual rate of change (2005–10 est.)

      Sex ratio:

      at birth: 1.123 male(s)/female

      under 15 years: 1.1 male(s)/female

      15–64 years: 1.05 male(s)/female

      65 years and over: 0.87 male(s)/female

      total population: 1.04 male(s)/female (2010 est.)

      Infant mortality rate:

      total: 15.11 deaths/1,000 live births country comparison to the world: 123 male: 16.79 deaths/1,000 live births

      female: 13.23 deaths/1,000 live births (2010 est.)

      Life expectancy at birth:

      total population: 77.22 years country comparison to the world: 59 male: 74.65 years

      female: 80.11 years (2010 est.)

      Total fertility rate:

      1.47 children born/woman (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 189

      HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:

      NA

      HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:

      NA

      HIV/AIDS - deaths:

      NA

      Nationality:

      noun: Albanian(s)

      adjective: Albanian

      Ethnic groups:

      Albanian 95%, Greek 3%, other 2% (Vlach, Roma (Gypsy), Serb,

       Macedonian, Bulgarian) (1989 est.)

      note: in 1989, other estimates of the Greek population ranged from 1% (official Albanian statistics) to 12% (from a Greek organization)

      Religions:

      Muslim 70%, Albanian Orthodox 20%, Roman Catholic 10%

      note: percentages are estimates; there are no available current statistics on religious affiliation; all mosques and churches were closed in 1967 and religious observances prohibited; in November 1990, Albania began allowing private religious practice

      Languages:

      Albanian (official - derived from Tosk dialect), Greek, Vlach,

       Romani, Slavic dialects

      Literacy:

      definition: age 9 and over can read and write

      total population: 98.7%

      male: 99.2%

      female: 98.3% (2001 census)

      School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):

      total: 11 years

      male: 11 years

      female: 11 years (2004)

      Education expenditures:

      2.9% of GDP (2002) country comparison to the world: 148

      Government ::Albania

      Country name:

      conventional long form: Republic of Albania

      conventional short form: Albania

      local long form: Republika e Shqiperise

      local short form: Shqiperia

      former: People's Socialist Republic of Albania

      Government type:

      republic

      Capital:

      name: Tirana (Tirane)

      geographic coordinates: 41 19 N, 19 49 E

      time difference: UTC+1 (6 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)

      daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

      Administrative divisions:

      12 counties (qarqe, singular - qark); Berat, Diber, Durres, Elbasan, Fier, Gjirokaster, Korce, Kukes, Lezhe, Shkoder, Tirane, Vlore

      Independence:

      28 November 1912 (from the Ottoman Empire)

      National holiday:

      Independence Day, 28 November (1912)

      Constitution:

      approved by parliament on 21 October 1998; adopted by popular referendum on 22 November 1998; promulgated 28 November 1998

      Legal system:

      has a civil law system; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction; has accepted jurisdiction of the International Criminal Court for its citizens

      Suffrage:

      18 years of age; universal

      Executive branch:

      chief of state: President of the Republic Bamir TOPI (since 24 July 2007)

      head of government: Prime Minister Sali BERISHA (since 10 September 2005)

      cabinet: Council of Ministers proposed by the prime minister, nominated by the president, and approved by parliament (For more information visit the World Leaders website ) elections: president elected by the Assembly for a five-year term (eligible for a second term); four election rounds held between 8 and 20 July 2007 (next election to be held in 2012); prime minister appointed by the president

      election results: Bamir TOPI elected president; Assembly vote, fourth round (three-fifths majority, 84 votes, required): Bamir TOPI 85 votes, Neritan CEKA 5 votes

      Legislative branch:

      unicameral National Assembly or Kuvendi (140 deputies; 100 deputies elected directly in single member electoral zones with an approximate number of voters; 40 deputies elected from multi-name lists of parties or party coalitions according to their respective order)

      elections: last held on 28 June 2009 (next to be held in 2013)

      election results: percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - PD 68, PS 65, LSI 4, other 3

      Judicial branch:

      Constitutional Court, Supreme Court (chairman is elected by the People's Assembly for a four-year term) and multiple appeals and district courts

      Political parties and leaders:

      Democratic Party or PD [Sali BERISHA]; Party for Justice and

       Integration or PDI [Tahir MUCHEDINI]; Republican Party or PR [Fatmir

       MEDIU]; Socialist Movement for Integration or LSI [Ilir META];

       Socialist Party or PS [Edi RAMA]; Unity for Humen Rights Party or

       PBDNJ [Vangjel DULE]

      Political pressure groups and leaders:

      Citizens Advocacy Office [Kreshnik SPAHIU]; Confederation of Trade

       Unions of Albania or KSSH [Kastriot MUCO]; Front for Albanian

       National Unification or FBKSH [Gafur ADILI]; Mjaft Movement [Elton

       KACIDHJA]; Omonia [Ligorag KARAMELO]; Union of Independent Trade

       Unions of Albania or BSPSH [Gezim KALAJA]

      International organization participation:

      BSEC, CE, CEI, EAPC, EBRD, FAO, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICRM, IDA,

       IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO