The 2010 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

34

      2,438 to 3,047 m: 5

      1,524 to 2,437 m: 14

      914 to 1,523 m: 6

      under 914 m: 9 (2010)

      Heliports:

      11 (2010)

      Pipelines:

      gas 466 km (2009)

      Roadways:

      total: 42,150 km country comparison to the world: 87 paved: 12,350 km

      unpaved: 29,800 km (2006)

      Waterways:

      1,200 km; (chiefly Amu Darya, which handles vessels up to 500 DWT) (2008) country comparison to the world: 59

      Ports and terminals:

      Kheyrabad, Shir Khan

      Military ::Afghanistan

      Military branches:

      Afghan Armed Forces: Afghan National Army (ANA, includes Afghan

       National Army Air Force, ANAAF) (2010)

      Military service age and obligation:

      22 years of age; inductees are contracted into service for a 4-year term (2005)

      Manpower available for military service:

      males age 16–49: 6,800,888

      females age 16–49: 6,413,647 (2010 est.)

      Manpower fit for military service:

      males age 16–49: 3,888,358

      females age 16–49: 3,641,998 (2010 est.)

      Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually:

      male: 378,996

      female: 357,822 (2010 est.)

      Military expenditures:

      1.9% of GDP (2009) country comparison to the world: 75

      Transnational Issues ::Afghanistan

      Disputes - international:

      Pakistan has built fences in some portions of its border with Afghanistan which remains open in some areas to foreign terrorists and other illegal activities

      Refugees and internally displaced persons:

      IDPs: 132,246 (mostly Pashtuns and Kuchis displaced in south and west due to drought and instability) (2007)

      Illicit drugs:

      world's largest producer of opium; poppy cultivation decreased 22% to 157,000 hectares in 2008 but remains at a historically high level; less favorable growing conditions in 2008 reduced potential opium production to 5,500 metric tons, down 31 percent from 2007; if the entire opium crop were processed, 648 metric tons of pure heroin potentially could be produced; the Taliban and other antigovernment groups participate in and profit from the opiate trade, which is a key source of revenue for the Taliban inside Afghanistan; widespread corruption and instability impede counterdrug efforts; most of the heroin consumed in Europe and Eurasia is derived from Afghan opium; vulnerable to drug money laundering through informal financial networks; regional source of hashish (2008)

      page last updated on January 13, 2011

      ======================================================================

      @Akrotiri (Europe)

      Introduction ::Akrotiri

      Background:

      By terms of the 1960 Treaty of Establishment that created the independent Republic of Cyprus, the UK retained full sovereignty and jurisdiction over two areas of almost 254 square kilometers - Akrotiri and Dhekelia. The southernmost and smallest of these is the Akrotiri Sovereign Base Area, which is also referred to as the Western Sovereign Base Area.

      Geography ::Akrotiri

      Location:

      Eastern Mediterranean, peninsula on the southwest coast of Cyprus

      Geographic coordinates:

      34 37 N, 32 58 E

      Map references:

      Europe

      Area:

      total: 123 sq km country comparison to the world: 223 note: includes a salt lake and wetlands

      Area - comparative:

      about 0.7 times the size of Washington, DC

      Land boundaries:

      total: 47.4 km

      border countries: Cyprus 47.4 km

      Coastline:

      56.3 km

      Climate:

      temperate; Mediterranean with hot, dry summers and cool winters

      Environment - current issues:

      hunting around the salt lake; note - breeding place for loggerhead and green turtles; only remaining colony of griffon vultures is on the base

      Geography - note:

      British extraterritorial rights also extended to several small

       off-post sites scattered across Cyprus; of the Sovereign Base Area

       (SBA) land, 60% is privately owned and farmed, 20% is owned by the

       Ministry of Defense, and 20% is SBA Crown land

      People ::Akrotiri

      Population:

      approximately 15,700 live on the Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia including 7,700 Cypriots, 3,600 Service and UK-based contract personnel, and 4,400 dependents country comparison to the world: 219

      Languages:

      English, Greek

      Government ::Akrotiri

      Country name:

      conventional long form: none

      conventional short form: Akrotiri

      Dependency status:

      a special form of UK overseas territory; administered by an administrator who is also the Commander, British Forces Cyprus

      Capital:

      name: Episkopi Cantonment (base administrative center for Akrotiri and Dhekelia)

      geographic coordinates: 34 40 N, 32 51 E

      time difference: UTC+2 (7 hours ahead of Washington, DC during Standard Time)

      daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

      Constitution:

      Sovereign Base Areas of Akrotiri and Dhekelia Order in Council 1960, effective 16 August 1960, functions as a basic legal document

      Legal system:

      the Sovereign Base Area Administration has its own court system to deal with civil and criminal matters; laws applicable to the Cypriot population are, as far as possible, the same as the laws of the Republic of Cyprus

      Executive branch:

      chief of state: Queen ELIZABETH II (since 6 February 1952)

      head of government: Administrator Major General Jamie GORDON (since October 2008); note - reports to the British Ministry of Defense

      elections: none; the monarchy is hereditary; the administrator appointed by the monarch

      Diplomatic representation in the US:

      none (overseas territory of the UK)