The 2010 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

      mostly flat to rolling plains, with rugged hills and mountains in the southeast

      Elevation extremes:

      lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m

      highest point: Pico Turquino 2,005 m

      Natural resources:

      cobalt, nickel, iron ore, chromium, copper, salt, timber, silica, petroleum, arable land

      Land use:

      arable land: 27.63%

      permanent crops: 6.54%

      other: 65.83% (2005)

      Irrigated land:

      8,700 sq km (2003)

      Total renewable water resources:

      38.1 cu km (2000)

      Freshwater withdrawal (domestic/industrial/agricultural):

      total: 8.2 cu km/yr (19%/12%/69%)

      per capita: 728 cu m/yr (2000)

      Natural hazards:

      the east coast is subject to hurricanes from August to November (in general, the country averages about one hurricane every other year); droughts are common

      Environment - current issues:

      air and water pollution; biodiversity loss; deforestation

      Environment - international agreements:

      party to: Antarctic Treaty, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate

       Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species,

       Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine

       Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands

      signed, but not ratified: Marine Life Conservation

      Geography - note:

      largest country in Caribbean and westernmost island of the Greater Antilles

      People ::Cuba

      Population:

      11,477,459 (July 2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 73

      Age structure:

      0–14 years: 18.3% (male 1,077,745/female 1,020,393)

      15–64 years: 70.4% (male 4,035,691/female 4,030,103)

      65 years and over: 11.2% (male 584,478/female 703,242) (2010 est.)

      Median age:

      total: 37.8 years

      male: 37.1 years

      female: 38.6 years (2010 est.)

      Population growth rate:

      0.217% (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 181

      Birth rate:

      11.02 births/1,000 population (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 177

      Death rate:

      7.29 deaths/1,000 population (July 2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 123

      Net migration rate:

      −1.56 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 169

      Urbanization:

      urban population: 76% of total population (2008)

      rate of urbanization: 0% annual rate of change (2005–10 est.)

      Sex ratio:

      at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female

      under 15 years: 1.06 male(s)/female

      15–64 years: 1 male(s)/female

      65 years and over: 0.83 male(s)/female

      total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2010 est.)

      Infant mortality rate:

      total: 5.72 deaths/1,000 live births country comparison to the world: 180 male: 6.39 deaths/1,000 live births

      female: 5 deaths/1,000 live births (2010 est.)

      Life expectancy at birth:

      total population: 77.64 years country comparison to the world: 53 male: 75.36 years

      female: 80.05 years (2010 est.)

      Total fertility rate:

      1.61 children born/woman (2010 est.) country comparison to the world: 178

      HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:

      less than 0.1% (2007 est.) country comparison to the world: 138

      HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:

      6,200 (2007 est.) country comparison to the world: 119

      HIV/AIDS - deaths:

      fewer than 100 (2007 est.) country comparison to the world: 129

      Major infectious diseases:

      degree of risk: intermediate

      food or waterborne diseases: bacterial diarrhea and hepatitis A

      vectorborne diseases: dengue fever (2009)

      Nationality:

      noun: Cuban(s)

      adjective: Cuban

      Ethnic groups:

      white 65.1%, mulatto and mestizo 24.8%, black 10.1% (2002 census)

      Religions:

      nominally 85% Roman Catholic prior to CASTRO assuming power; Protestants, Jehovah's Witnesses, Jews, and Santeria are also represented

      Languages:

      Spanish (official)

      Literacy:

      definition: age 15 and over can read and write

      total population: 99.8%

      male: 99.8%

      female: 99.8% (2002 census)

      School life expectancy (primary to tertiary education):

      total: 18 years

      male: 16 years

      female: 19 years (2009)

      Education expenditures:

      13.6% of GDP (2008) country comparison to the world: 2

      People - note:

      illicit emigration is a continuing problem; Cubans attempt to depart the island and enter the US using homemade rafts, alien smugglers, direct flights, or falsified visas; Cubans also use non-maritime routes to enter the US including direct flights to Miami and over-land via the southwest border

      Government ::Cuba

      Country name:

      conventional long form: Republic of Cuba

      conventional short form: Cuba

      local long form: Republica de Cuba

      local short form: Cuba

      Government type:

      Communist state

      Capital:

      name: Havana

      geographic coordinates: 23 07 N, 82 21 W

      time difference: UTC-5 (same time as Washington, DC during Standard Time)

      daylight saving time: +1hr, begins last Sunday in March; ends last Sunday in October

      Administrative divisions:

      14