Earth Materials. John O'Brien

formed in a ductile shear zone within leucogabbr...Figure 17.9 (a) Shatter impact cone produced by meteorite impact on limeston...Figure 17.10 Black, glassy, lightweight anthracite coal displaying conchoida...Figure 17.11 Stretched pebble conglomerate in which Purgatory Conglomerate c...Figure 17.12 Green serpentinite.Figure B17.1 Cross section showing possible development of greenstone belts ...Figure 17.13 Dark colored amphibolite derived from mafic protolith.Figure 17.14 Eclogite with red garnet and green omphacite.Figure 17.15 (a) Slate with flat planar cleavage. (b) Dark gray slate with f...Figure 17.16 (a) Photomicrograph depicts dark, phyllosilicate phyllite folia...Figure 17.17 Four varieties of aluminosilicate‐rich schists are displayed: (...Figure 17.18 Hand sample photograph of a garnet schist.Figure 17.19 Gneissic banding defined by white quartz‐feldspar layers and da...Figure 17.20 Augen gneiss with elliptical to lenticular feldspar porphyrobla...Figure 17.21 Contorted migmatites exposed in Rocky Mountain National Park, C...Figure 17.22 Folded, banded ironstones from the Precambrian Lake Superior be...Figure 17.23 (a) Deformed rock displaying protomylonite and ultramylonite la...Figure 17.24 (a) Cross‐section indicating σ grain tail complex in dextral sh...Figure 17.25 (a) Cross section illustrating dextral shear as indicated by a ...Figure 17.26 A set of synthetic fractures, all of which are inclined to the ...Figure 17.27 Outcrop‐scale antithetic en echelon, antithetic fractures in me...Figure 17.28 S‐C structures in a dextral shear zone.Figure 17.29 S‐C structures in Proterozoic mylonitic granite from Colorado. ...Figure 17.30 S‐C structures in phyllosilicate‐rich mylonite. Note the metamo...

      18 Chapter 18Figure 18.1 Barrovian zones of metamorphism based on index minerals of Scotl...Figure 18.2 Common metamorphic facies depicted on a temperature and depth/pr...Figure 18.3 Common metapelite and metabasite minerals in greenschist, epidot...Figure 18.4 Generalized cross‐section indicating depressed temperatures in t...Figure 18.5 Eurasian–African view of coesite, diamond, and majorite ultra hi...Figure 18.6 Five metamorphic facies series grouped into three (A–C) trends b...Figure 18.7 Five metamorphic facies series defined by Myashiro (1961) and ot...Figure 18.8 Generalized geologic map of northern Scotland showing Barrovian ...Figure 18.9 Metamorphic facies map of Japan's Sanbagawa belt.Figure 18.10 Metamorphic facies map of California's Franciscan belt.Figure 18.11 Phase rule as applied to the Al₂SiO₅ polymorph mineral group.Figure 18.12 Equilibrium assemblage grid for minerals derived from politic p...Figure 18.13 Generalized ternary diagram with X, Y, and Z representing end m...Figure 18.14 ACF ternary diagram for protolith composition where: A = (Al₂O₃Figure 18.15 ACF ternary diagram illustrating approximate chemical compositi...Figure 18.16 A'KF ternary diagram indicating approximate chemical compositio...Figure 18.17 AFM ternary diagram illustrating approximate chemical compositi...Figure 18.18 Ternary CMS diagram illustrating approximate chemical compositi...Figure 18.19 A simplified CMS ternary diagram illustrating common minerals a...Figure 18.20 (a) ACF ternary diagram in which the different chemical composi...Figure 18.21 Ternary diagrams for rocks derived from basites (mafic) and cal...Figure 18.22 Cross‐section view of divergent and convergent plate boundaries...Figure 18.23 Cross‐section illustrating trench, accretionary prism wedge, fo...Figure 18.24 Franciscan mélange with a mixture of blueschist and greenschist...Figure 18.25 Simplified development of an ophiolite by obduction of ocean li...Figure 18.26 Cross section of high‐pressure mineral assemblage within the su...Figure 18.27 Cross‐section showing Mesozoic subduction of ocean crust and de...Figure 18.28 Cross‐section of paired (dual) metamorphic belt at convergent m...Figure 18.29 (a) Map view of pull‐apart basin developing by tension along a ...Figure 18.30 Mesozoic (~100 Ma) convergent margin activity in the western Un...

      19 Chapter 19Figure 19.1 (a) Block diagram illustrating tectonic locations where VMS depo...Figure 19.2 Global distribution of known land‐based VMS deposits (Mosier et ...Figure 19.3 Global distribution of modern hydrothermal vents and related pol...Figure 19.4 (a) Generalized geologic map of the Keweenaw rift, which is part...Figure 19.5 Geologic map of the Duluth Complex, part of the Keweenaw rift, i...Figure 19.6 World map displaying major PGE ore deposits.Figure 19.7 (a) Cross section of porphyry ore deposits illustrating metamorp...Figure 19.8 This global map illustrates 150 of the major porphyry deposits. ...Figure 19.9 (a) Copper and quartz vein within metamorphosed basalt.Figure 19.10 (a) Known LCT pegmatite deposits on Earth, color coded with res...Figure 19.11 Cobalt mine in greenstone belt in Bou Azzer Morocco.Figure 19.12 (a) Cross section illustrating skarns developing in association...Figure 19.13 (a) Global production of Iron ore in 2019. Image authored by PM...Figure 19.14 Algoma‐type deposits that form due to hydrothermal fluids inter...Figure 19.15 Cross section of Sedex deposits formed by an external, magmatic...Figure 19.16 Global map of major sedex deposits in continental settings. Not...Figure 19.17 Cross section of Canada's Robb Lake Zn‐Pb sulfide bodies in bre...Figure 19.18 Global map of the major MVT deposits. Note that these deposits ...Figure 19.19 Precious metals derived from magmatic veins are exposed, eroded...Figure 19.20 Roll‐front, tongue‐shaped uranium deposits form in stream chann...Figure 19.21 Intense weathering of peridotite igneous rock concentrates iron...Figure 19.22 Global map of bauxite deposits from karstic and laterite source...Figure 19.23 Some of the mineral commodities of which the USA imports >50%....Figure 19.24 Major import sources of nonfuel mineral commodities for which t...

      Guide

      1  Cover Page

      2  Title Page

      3  Copyright Page

      4  Preface

      5  Acknowledgments

      6  About the Companion Website

      7  Table of Contents

      8  Begin Reading

      9  Index

      10  Wiley End User License Agreement

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