The Skull of Quadruped and Bipedal Vertebrates. Djillali Hadjouis

      

Table of Contents

      1  Cover

      2  Title Page

      3  Copyright

      4  Introduction I.1. A series for the comparative anatomy of Mammals I.2. Introduction to the craniofacial and dental taxonomic terminology of vertebrates and dimorphism

      5  PART 1: The Skull of Fossil and Present-day Quadruped Vertebrates: Craniofacial Structure and Postural Balance 1 Proboscideans: The Mammoth (Mammuthus primigenius) 1.1. Chronological, geographical and morphological indications of the species 1.2. Mammoth discoveries in Île-de-France 1.3. A young mammoth in Maisons-Alfort 1.4. A woolly mammoth skull in the reserves 1.5. A mammoth skull with removed tusks 1.6. A particular tooth eruption 2 Equidae 2.1. The horse (Equus caballus) 2.2. The donkey (Equus asinus) 3 Bovidae 3.1. Aurochs (Bos primigenius) 3.2. The bison (Bison priscus): chronological, geographical and morphological indications of the species 3.3. The buffalo (Syncerus antiquus) 3.4. The common eland (Taurotragus oryx) 3.5. The hartebeest (Alcelaphus buselaphus) 3.6. Gazelles (Gazella) 4 Cervidae 4.1. The red deer (Cervus elaphus) 4.2. The Algerian thick-cheeked deer (Megaceroides algericus) 5 Suidae 5.1. The wild boar (Sus scrofa) 5.2. The warthog (Phacochoerus aethiopicus or africanus) 6 Carnivores 6.1. The lion (Panthera leo) 6.2. The panther or leopard (Panthera pardus) 6.3. The spotted hyena (Crocuta crocuta): chronological, geographical and morphological indications of the species 6.4. The striped hyena (Hyaena hyaena) 6.5. The cave bear (Ursus spelaeus) and the brown bear (Ursus arctos): chronological, geographical and morphological indications of the species 6.6. The wolf (Canis lupus): chronological, geographical and morphological indications of the species 7 Lagomorphs: The Hare (Lepus capensis) 7.1. Chronological, geographical and morphological indications of the species 7.2. The status of the hare over the centuries

      6  PART 2: The Skull of Fossil Bipedal Vertebrates: Craniofacial Structure and Postural Balance 8 Primates 8.1. Occlusal posture, quadrupedic and verticalization of the Hominoid body 8.2. Work in dentofacial orthopedics and embryogenesis 9 Hominoids 9.1. Kenyapithecus 9.2. Nacholapithecus 9.3. Otavipithecus namibiensis 10 From Hominoids to Hominids 10.1. Ardipithecus ramidus kadabba 10.2. Praeanthropus tugenensis (= Orrorin tugenensis) 10.3. Sahelanthropus tchadensis 10.4. Ardipithecus ramidus 10.5. Praeanthropus africanus (= Australopithecus anamensis) 11 Australopithecus 11.1. Australopithecus afarensis 11.2. Australopithecus africanus 11.3. Australopithecus bahrelghazali 11.4. Australopithecus garhi 11.5. Paranthropus robustus 11.6. Australopithecus aethiopicus 11.7. Australopithecus boisei 12 The Genus Homo 12.1. Homo habilis 12.2. Homo rudolfensis 12.3. Homo ergaster and Homo erectus 12.4. Homo georgicus 12.5. Homo neanderthalensis 12.6.