Veterinary Clinical Parasitology. Anne M. Zajac

are readily identified microscopically by the pr...Fig. 5.26 Psorobia simplex from a mouse. Note the rounded body, short legs, ...Fig. 5.27 The body of the Lynxacarus mite is laterally compressed like that ...Fig. 5.28 Male Leporacarus mites have a brown anterior shield that projects ...Fig. 5.29 Adult Leporacarus on the hair of a rabbit. The female mites also b...Fig. 5.30 Chirodiscoides from a guinea pig. The first two pairs of legs are ...Fig. 5.31 Mycoptes musculinus from the hair coat of a mouse. In males, the f...Fig. 5.32 Radfordia is found at the base of the hairs. The first pair of leg...Fig. 5.33 Feather mite from a chicken. Feather mite species show great varia...Fig. 5.34 Megninia, a feather mite from a finch. Feather mites infest variou...Fig. 5.35 Ornithonyssus spp. belong to the mesostigmatid order of mites. The...Fig. 5.36 Another characteristic used to differentiate Ornithonyssus from th...Fig. 5.37 Dermanyssus gallinae infests both domestic and wild birds. The anu...Fig. 5.38 Pneumonyssoides caninum, the nasal mite of dogs. A related mite, P...Fig. 5.39 Ophionyssus mites are the most common external parasite on captive...Fig. 5.40 Ophionyssus, like other mesostigmatid mites, has claws on the tips...Fig. 5.41 Only the six‐legged larvae of chiggers are parasitic, which is hel...Fig. 5.42 Specimen of trombiculid larvae that cause mammalian chigger infestation.Fig. 5.43 Typical chigger lesions on the leg of a parasitologist. Chiggers m...Fig. 5.44 Ticks are often found attached on parts of the body that are diffi...Fig. 5.45 Comparison of the basis capituli and mouthparts of females of the ...Fig. 5.46 Larval ticks are often called “seed ticks” because of their small ...Fig. 5.47 Female ticks of highest veterinary medical importance in the Unite...Fig. 5.48 Key to adult tick genera found in North America. Examination of ti...Fig. 5.49 Dorsal (top row) and ventral (bottom row) aspects of all motile st...Fig. 5.50 Dorsal (left) and ventral (right) views of Amblyomma americanum ny...Fig. 5.51 Amblyomma maculatum: (left) male; (right) female. The Gulf Coast t...Fig. 5.52 Amblyomma cajennense: (left) male; female (right). The Cayenne tic...Fig. 5.53 Amblyomma variegatum: (left) male; (right) female. The tropical bo...Fig. 5.54 Amblyomma spp. are common in the tropics and subtropics. They are ...Fig. 5.55 Hyalomma spp. ticks are important disease vectors in Africa, Asia,...Fig. 5.56 Engorged nymph and engorged adult female Ixodes scapularis, the de...Fig. 5.57 Unfed adult female (left) and male (right) Ixodes scapularis viewe...Fig. 5.58 A distinctive morphologic detail of the Ixodes ticks is the groove...Fig. 5.59 Dermacentor variabilis: female (left); male (right). Like many mem...Fig. 5.60 Dermacentor andersoni: (left) male; (right) female; the Rocky Moun...Fig. 5.61 Dermacentor albipictus, the winter or moose tick, is a one‐host ti...Fig. 5.62 Dermacentor (Anocentor) nitens engorged female (left) and male (ri...Fig. 5.63 Engorged female Rhipicephalus sanguineus (brown dog tick). This sp...Fig. 5.64 Rhipicephalus sanguineus male (left) and engorged female (right). ...Fig. 5.65 The brown dog tick, Rhipicephalus sanguineus. Members of this tick...Fig. 5.66 Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus female (left) and male (right)...Fig. 5.67 From left to right, engorged Ixodes, Haemaphysalis, and Rhipicepha...Fig. 5.68 Haemaphysalis longicornis, the longhorned tick, was recently disco...Fig. 5.69 Haemaphysalis leporispalustris, the rabbit tick, is found in North...Fig. 5.70 The palps of Haemaphysalis ticks are wider than they are long, and...Fig. 5.71 Otobius, the spinose ear tick, and Dermacentor andersoni. This pic...Fig. 5.72 Partially engorged larva of Otobius megnini, the spinose ear tick....Fig. 5.73 This closer view of Otobius megnini nymphs shows the spines that c...Fig. 5.74 Argas sp., the fowl tick, is a soft tick. The ventral location of ...Fig. 5.75 The surface of the soft tick Ornithodoros is covered with mammilla...Fig. 5.76 Chewing lice of domestic animals are usually smaller than sucking ...Fig. 5.77 Sucking louse infestation on a calf. Note the reddish‐brown color ...Fig. 5.78 Bovicola ovis is a small white or tan chewing louse that can be ve...Fig. 5.79 Section of bovine skin with louse eggs (nits) attached to the hair...Fig. 5.80 Haematopinus spp. have prominent ocular points (arrow, partially o...Fig. 5.81 Linognathus spp. have no ocular points. Unlike Haematopinus, the s...Fig. 5.82 Each sucking louse leg ends in a prominent claw. Shown are the cla...Fig. 5.83 Solenopotes capillatus, the little blue cattle louse, is less comm...Fig. 5.84 Pediculus humanus has well‐developed eyes, no ocular points, and t...Fig. 5.85 The human crab louse, Pthirus pubis, has a distinctive crab‐shaped...Fig. 5.86 Sucking lice (Polyplax) species from a rat. Typical of sucking lic...Fig. 5.87 Polyplax egg glued to a rat hair. The presence of lice eggs (“nits...Fig. 5.88 Gliricola porcelli, a chewing louse of guinea pigs, is one of thre...Fig. 5.89 Like other chewing lice, the head of Bovicola spp. is broader than...Fig. 5.90 Chewing lice (Werneckiella equi) in the hairs of a horse.Fig. 5.91 Lesions on the shoulder and neck of a horse with a heavy burden of...Fig. 5.92 White louse eggs (nits) can be seen attached to the hairs of this ...Fig. 5.93 Trichodectes canis is the canine chewing louse.Fig. 5.94 The head of Felicola subrostratus, the feline chewing louse, is no...Fig. 5.95 Eggs (nits) of Felicola subrostratus adhered to cat hair.Fig. 5.96 There are more than 700 species of avian lice, all of which are ch...Fig. 5.97 Lipeurus caponis, the wing louse of poultry.Fig. 5.98 Laemobothrion sp. from an eagle.Fig. 5.99 Columbicula columbae, the slender pigeon louse, on the flight feat...Fig. 5.100 Columbicula columbae, the slender pigeon louse.Fig. 5.101 Puppy infested with fleas. This severe level of infestation cause...Fig. 5.102 Key to common flea species in the United States.Fig. 5.103 Female (left) and male (right) Ctenocephalides felis. The cat fle...Fig. 5.104 Ctenocephalides spp. eggs (arrow) are about 0.5 mm long. Larvae a...Fig. 5.105 Pet owners may find larvae of the cat flea, C. felis felis, in th...Fig. 5.106 The human flea, Pulex irritans, is less common on people in indus...Fig. 5.107 Echidnophaga gallinacea, the sticktight flea, has no combs and a ...Fig. 5.108 Xenopsylla cheopsis, the oriental rat flea. Genal and pronotal co...Fig. 5.109 Cediopsylla simplex, a rabbit flea.Fig. 5.110 Posterior spiracles of bot fly larvae. Row 1: Cuterebra spp. spir...Fig. 5.111 Paired spiracle plates on the posterior end of a bot larvae (Cute...Fig. 5.112 The hairy body of adult warble (bot) flies makes them look more l...Fig. 5.113 Bot larvae (Cuterebra sp.) spiracles visible through patent openi...Fig. 5.114 Cuterebra larvae are about 2.5 cm in length and covered with spin...Fig. 5.115 Veterinary practitioners occasionally remove young Cuterebra larv...Fig. 5.116 Dermatobia hominis bots are often seen in the second‐instar larva...Fig. 5.117 Eggs (nits) of Gasterophilus adhered to horse hair.Fig. 5.118 Eggs of Gasterophilus intestinalis, the most common equine bot sp...Fig. 5.119 Second‐instar Gasterophilus larvae. Following treatment with a ma...Fig. 5.120 Equine stomach bot, Gasterophilus. Species can be distinguished b...Fig. 5.121 Early third‐instar cattle grub, Hypoderma lineatum. Grubs or warb...Fig. 5.122 Hypoderma sp. grub emerging from its subcutaneous location on the...Fig. 5.123 Ovine nasal bot, Oestrus ovis. These bots are occasionally seen b...Fig. 5.124 Posterior spiracles of maggots associated with fly strike.Fig. 5.125 A case of ovine “fly strike” or “fly blow” in which an animal has...Fig. 5.126 Posterior spiracles of Lucilia spp. larva.Fig. 5.127 Lucilia spp. is one of the genera of blow flies that cause facult...Fig. 5.128 Screwworm infestation on the ear of a calf. If untreated, these i...Fig. 5.129 Screwworm maggots. If screwworm infestation is suspected in the U...Fig. 5.130 Cochliomyia sp. larvae showing pigmented tracheal trunks (arrow)....Fig. 5.131 Typical hippoboscid louse flies showing the flattened appearance ...Fig. 5.132 Adult and pupal stages of the sheep ked, Melophagus. Although som...Fig. 5.133 Adult Lipoptena cervi from a moose. Alopecia is reported in moose...Fig. 5.134 Tabanid flies. These large biting flies are familiar worldwide. H...Fig. 5.135 Deer flies, Chrysops, also belong to the tabanid group but are sm...Fig. 5.136 Head and mouthparts of Stomoxys calcitrans, the stable fly (left)...Fig. 5.137 Horn flies, Haematobia irritans, are a major pest of cattle throu...Fig. 5.138 The stable fly, Stomoxys calcitrans, is approximately the size of...Fig. 5.139 Glossina, the tsetse fly, is the vector of trypanosomiasis in dom...Fig. 5.140 Mosquitoes are common in many regions. Mosquito larvae develop in...Fig. 5.141 Culicoides (midges or no‐see‐ums) are very small biting flies (ra...Fig. 5.142 Adult triatomine bug, Triatoma sanguisuga, an important vector