Zoo and Wild Animal Dentistry. Группа авторов

Peter Emily collection.

      Artiodactyla: Canines and incisors of hippopotamus

Figure 4.3 Hippopotamus – Heterodont, elodont incisors, and canines, bunodont molars.

      Source: Peter Emily collection.

Figure 4.4 Walrus – Maxillary canines are tusks. Elodont maxillary canines, Bunodont, slightly domed occlusal teeth.

      Source: Peter Emily collection.

      Elodont maxillary incisors: Hyrax (Atlantogenata)

      (Little brother elephant – reference Maasai warriors).

       Elodont canines:

      Artiodactyla, Suidae: Hogs and pigs, babirusa

       Rostral elodont teeth (canines and incisors):

      Artiodactyla: Hippopotamus, peccary

      Rodentia: Dormice, old and new world rats and mice, kangaroo rats, squirrels, beavers, and capybara generally have elodont anterior teeth, brachydont and loxidont posterior teeth.

Figure 4.5 Beaver Rodentia Castoridae Castor (2 species). Elodont incisors, brachydont, and loxidont caudal teeth.

      Source: Edward R. Eisner.

      Elodont maxillary canines and incisors: Perissodactyla

      Rhinoceros has elodont maxillary canines and incisors.

       Elodont posterior teeth:

      Aardvark [1] – Tubulidenata (primitive ungulate)

       Elodont all dentition:

Rodentia: Degu (South American rat), guinea pig, paca, chinchilla (see Figures 4.6 and 4.7).

Lagomorpha (see Figures 4.8–4.11).

      

Figures 4.6 and 4.7 Guinea pig: The mandibular canines extend to the last molar. Heterodont, elodont (all dentition), dilamdodont occlusal surfaces of posterior teeth.

      Source: Edward R. Eisner.

      

Figures 4.8–4.11 Lop Rabbit: Mandibular incisor extends to the mesial aspect of the first cheek tooth. Heterodont, elodont (all teeth), Hypsodont cheek teeth, dilamdodont posterior teeth.

      Source: Edward R. Eisner.

Wombat: Heterodont, elodont (entire dentition); the only marsupial in this category. All teeth are aradicular hypsodont [2].

      Bunodont: Dentition that has low crowns (roots are relatively long compared to the crowns), with prominent conical cusps on posterior teeth (e.g. pigs, bears, and browsing herbivores).

      Carnivora, Pinnepedia: Walrus (post canines).

      Artiodactyla, Hippopotamidae: Hippopotamus molars.

      Artiodactyla, Bovidae: Buffalo, cattle, spiral‐horned antelopes, browsing antelopes, grazing antelopes, horse‐like antelopes, Gazelles and dwarf antelopes, sheep.

      Edentata: Sloths.

       Bunodont and Brachydont:

Artiodactyla, suidae: Pigs (Figures 4.12 and 4.13).

      Giant panda

Figure 4.12 Giant panda: Strongly bunodont, and brachydont.

      Source: Peter Emily collection.

Figure 4.13 Koala: Bunodont, brachydont.

      Source: Peter Emily collection.

Brachydont: Browzers. Crowns shorter than roots and suffer relatively little occlusal wear, with roots that, at dental maturity, are longer than the crowns; not ever‐growing. Usually omnivores, carnivores:

Carnivora, Canidae, Felidae, Ursidae, Pongidae, Artiodactyla, Cervidae: Non‐grazing herbivores, aka browzers, e.g. tapir, deer, giraffe (see Figures 4.14 and 4.15).

      Rodentia: Squirrels and beavers, old and new world rats and mice, kangaroo rat, porcupines.