Point-of-Care Ultrasound Techniques for the Small Animal Practitioner. Группа авторов

6.14. Showing B‐lines along the pulmonary‐diaphragmatic interface....Figure 6.15. Pitfalls at the DH view related to the gallbladder, hepatic ven...Figure 6.16. Additional examples of pitfalls at the DH view. (A) and (B) are...Figure 6.17. The SR view in a dog. In (A) is the external location where the...Figure 6.18. Examples of typical negative studies at the SR view. In (A) the...Figure 6.19. Examples of typical positive studies at the SR view. In (A) the...Figure 6.20. Edge shadowing artifact off the left kidney. (A) and (B) are th...Figure 6.21. Both kidneys in view at the SR view. In the cat and the small d...Figure 6.22. Pitfalls at the SR view and linear stripes are not free fluid. ...Figure 6.23. The CC view in a dog. In (A) the direction of the probe is show...Figure 6.24. Examples of typical negative studies at the CC view. In all the...Figure 6.25. Examples of typical positive studies at the CC view. In (A), (C...Figure 6.26. Relevant artifacts at the CC view. (A) A mirror image artifact ...Figure 6.27. Calculi versus intestinal tract. The sonographer will readily a...Figure 6.28. Various abnormal intraluminal urinary bladder findings. (A) An ...Figure 6.29. Pitfall of the thigh or a mass or other. In (A) and (B) are ide...Figure 6.30. HRU view in a dog. In (A) and (B) the direction of the probe is...Figure 6.31. Examples of typical negative studies at the HRU (SRU) view. The...Figure 6.32. Examples of typical positive studies at the HRU (SRU) view. In ...Figure 6.33. False positives at the HRU (SRU) view. In (A) and (C) are the a...Figure 6.34. HR5th view on a dog. In (A) two different approaches are shown ...Figure 6.35. AFAST‐focused spleen. The spleen represented by the banan...

      7 Chapter 7Figure 7.1. AFAST‐applied abdominal fluid scoring system. Calculating ...Figure 7.2. The “measurement” modification of the AFAST‐applied abdominal fl...Figure 7.3. Modification of the AFAST‐applied AFS. The figure shows ho...Figure 7.4. AFAST‐applied AFS and the small‐volume versus large‐volume bleed...Figure 7.5. AFAST‐applied AFS system and the small volume versus large volum...Figure 7.6. Clotted blood adjacent to the left kidney at the SR view. In pen...Figure 7.7. Evaluating for blood flow of the left kidney at the (SR) view. I...Figure 7.8. Example in a cat using the modified AFS system. (A) AFAST in rig...Figure 7.9. Composite showing comparison of abdominal radiographic serosal d...Figure 7.10. Normal and edematous gallbladder wall and sonographic striation...Figure 7.11. Gallbladder wall edema in dogs with anaphylaxis. Three differen...Figure 7.12. Integrating gallbladder wall edema with characterization of the...Figure 7.13. The racetrack sign of PCE with integration of the CVC character...Figure 7.14. Relative positioning of gallbladder to diaphragm to caudal vena...Figure 7.15. Measurements at the AFAST CC view for estimating urinary bladde...Figure 7.16. AFAST goal‐directed template.

      8 Chapter 8Figure 8.1. Comparative echogenicity of the liver to the cortex of the right...Figure 8.2. Liver margination and comparative echogenicity to the falciform ...Figure 8.3. Hepatic venous congestion. The differentiation between hepatic v...Figure 8.4. Normal gallbladder and variations. (A) The normal gallbladder wa...Figure 8.5. Nodular hyperplasia. (A) Small hyperplastic nodule as demarcated...Figure 8.6. Hepatic cyst and biliary cysts. (A) Hepatic cyst (arrow) with di...Figure 8.7. Various liver masses. Benign and malignant liver masses cannot b...Figure 8.8. Liver and splenic masses. The origin of large masses can be chal...Figure 8.9. Liver masses. (A) Image of a dog with target lesions of the hepa...Figure 8.10. Diffuse homogeneous hypoechoic and hyperechoic liver. (A) Hepat...Figure 8.11. Gallbladder wall abnormalities. (A) Thickened gallbladder wall ...Figure 8.12. Degrees of gallbladder sedimentation (sludge). (A) A mild amoun...Figure 8.13. Gallbladder stones or choleliths. (A) Two small choleliths in a...Figure 8.14. Gallbladder mucocele. (A) Gallbladder mucocele in a dog. Note t...Figure 8.15. Biliary tract distension. (A) Cat with bile duct tortuosity whi...

      9 Chapter 9Figure 9.1. Normal splenic hilus. (A) The “Y” shape of the splenic vein, als...Figure 9.2. Subjective size evaluation of the spleen. Splenic enlargement as...Figure 9.3. Echogenicity of spleen relative to liver and cortex of kidney. (...Figure 9.4. Normal appearance of spleen. Spleen by itself showing its homoge...Figure 9.5. Splenomegaly. (A) Splenomegaly or splenic enlargement as evidenc...