Henley's Twentieth Century Formulas, Recipes and Processes. Various

the mixture thickens. Then rub through a coarse sieve.

      Essence Of Anchovies.

      —Remove the bones from 1 pound of anchovies, reduce the remaining portions of the fish to a pulp in a Wedgewood mortar, and pass through a clean hair or brass sieve. Boil the bones and other portions which will not pass through the sieve in 1 pint of water for 15 minutes, and strain. To the strained liquor add 2 1/2 ounces of salt and 2 1/2 ounces of flour, and the pulped anchovies. Let the whole simmer over the fire for three or four minutes; remove from the fire, and when the mixture has cooled a little add 4 ounces of strong vinegar. The product (nearly 3 pounds) may be then bottled, and the corks tied over with bladder, and either waxed or capsuled.

      Anchovy Paste.—

Anchovies	7 pounds
Water	9 pints
Salt	1 pound
Flour	1 pound
Capsicum	1/4 ounce
Grated lemon peel	1
Mushroom catsup	4 ounces

      Anchovy Butter.—

Anchovies, boned and beaten to a paste	1 part
Butter	2 parts
Spice	enough

      ANTIFOULING COMPOSITIONS: See Paints.

      ANTIFREEZING SOLUTION: See Freezing Preventives.

      ANTIFRICTION METAL: See Alloys, under Phosphor Bronze and Antifriction Metals.

ANTIQUES, TO PRESERVE.

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      The best process for the preservation of antique metallic articles consists in a retransformation of the metallic oxides into metal by the electrolytic method. For this purpose a zinc strip is wound around the article and the latter is laid in a soda-lye solution of 5 per cent, or suspended as the negative pole of a small battery in a potassium cyanide solution of 2 per cent. Where this method does not seem practicable it is advisable to edulcorate the objects in running water, in which operation fragile or easily destroyed articles may be protected by winding with gauze; next, they should be carefully dried, first in the air, then with moderate heat, and finally protected from further destruction by immersion in melted paraffine. A dry place is required for storing the articles, since paraffine is not perfectly impermeable to water in the shape of steam.

      ANTIRUST COMPOSITIONS: See Rust Preventives.

ANTISEPTICS

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      Antiseptic Powders.—

I.—	Borax	3 ounces
Dried alum	3 ounces
Thymol	22 grains
Eucalyptol	20 drops
Menthol	1 1/2 grains
Phenol	15 grains
Oil of gaultheria	4 drops
Carmine to give a pink tint.
II.—	Alum, powdered	50 parts by weight
Borax, powdered	50 parts by weight
Carbolic acid, crystals	5 parts by weight
Oil of eucalyptus	5 parts by weight
Oil of wintergreen	5 parts by weight
Menthol	5 parts by weight
Thymol	5 parts by weight
III.—	Boracic acid	10 ounces
Sodium biborate	4 ounces
Alum	1 ounce
Zinc sulphocarbolate	1 ounce
Thymic acid	1 drachm.

      Mix thoroughly. For an antiseptic wash dissolve 1 or 2 drachms in a quart of warm water.

      IV.—Ektogan is a new dusting powder which is a mixture of zinc hydroxide and dioxide. It is equivalent to about 8 per cent of active oxygen. It is a yellowish-white odorless and tasteless powder, insoluble in water. It is used externally in wounds and in skin diseases as a moist dressing mixed with citric, tartaric, or {99} tannic acid, which causes the liberation of oxygen. With iodides it liberates iodine. It is stated to be strongly antiseptic; it is used in the form of a powder, a gauze, and a plaster.

      Antiseptic Pencils.—

I.—	Tannin	q. s.
Alcohol, q. s	1 part
Ether, q. s	3 parts

      Make into a mass, using as an excipient the alcohol and ether previously mixed. Roll into pencils of the desired length and thickness. Then coat with collodion, roll in pure silver leaf, and finally coat with the following solution of gelatine and set aside to dry:

Gelatine	1 drachm
Water	1 pint

      Dissolve by the aid of a gentle heat.

      When wanted for use, shave away a portion of the covering, dip the pencil into tepid water and apply.

      II.—Pencils for stopping bleeding are prepared by mixing:

Purified alum	480 parts by weight
Borax	24 parts by weight
Oxide zinc	2 1/2 parts by weight
Thymol	8 parts by weight
Formalin	4 parts by weight

      Melting carefully in a water bath, adding some perfume, and forming mixture into pencils or cones.

      A very convenient way to form into pencils where no mold need be made is to take a small glass tube, roll a piece of oil paper around the tube, remove the glass tube, crimp the paper tube thus formed on one end and stand it on end or in a bottle, and pour the melted solution in it and leave until cool, then remove the paper.

      Antiseptic Paste (Poison) for Organic Specimens.—

(a)	Wheat flour	16 ounces
Beat to a batter with cold water	16 fluidounces
Then pour into boiling water	32 fluidounces
(b)	Pulverized gum arabic	2 ounces
Dissolve in boiling water	4 fluidounces
(c)	Pulverized alum	2 ounces
Dissolve in boiling water	4 fluidounces
(d)	Acetate of lead	2 ounces
Dissolve in boiling water	4 fluidounces
(e)	Corrosive sublimate	10 grains

      Mix (a) and (b) while hot and continue to simmer; meanwhile stir in (c) and mix thoroughly; then add (d). Stir briskly, and pour in the dry corrosive sublimate. This paste is very poisonous. It is used for anatomical work and for pasting organic tissue, labels on skeletons, etc.

      Mouth Antiseptics.

      —I.—Thymic acid, 25 centigrams (3 1/4 grains): benzoic acid, 3 grams (45 grains); essence of peppermint, 75 centigrams (10 minims); tincture of eucalyptus, 15 grams (4 1/2 drachms); alcohol, 100 grams (3 ounces). Put sufficient in a glass of water to render latter milky.

      II.—Tannin, 12 grams (3 drachms); menthol, 8 grams (2 drachms); thymol, 1 gram (15 grains); tincture benzoin, 6 grams (90 minims); alcohol, 100 grams (3 ounces). Ten drops in a half-glassful of tepid water.

      See also Dentifrices for Mouth Washes.

      Antiseptic Paste.

      —Difficulty is often experienced in applying an antiseptic dressing to moist surfaces, such as the lips after operation for harelip. A paste for this purpose is described by its originator, Socin. The composition is: Zinc oxide, 50 parts; zinc chloride, 5 parts; distilled water, 50 parts. The paste is applied