Культурная эволюция. Как изменяются человеческие мотивации и как это меняет мир. Рональд Инглхарт

Читать онлайн.



Скачать книгу

изменений ценностей, которые возникли в эру студенческих протестов в конце 1960‐х и начале 1970‐х.

      19

      Boeltken, Ferdinand and Wolfgang Jagodzinski, 1985. “In an Environment of Insecurity: Postmaterialism in the European Community, 1970–1980.” Comparative Political Studies 17: 453–484.

      20

      Подробная информация представлена на сайтах Мирового исследования ценностей и Европейского исследования ценностей: http://www.worldvaluessurvey иwww.europeanvaluesstudy.eu.

      21

      Мы ссылаемся на классификацию низких доходов Мирового Банка 1990 г.: мы используем уровни доходов за этот период, поскольку существуют серьезные доказательства того, что базовые ценности формируются условиями, в которых происходило взросление, а не текущими экономическими условиями.

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