Liquid Crystal Displays. Ernst Lueder

with permission by The Society for Information DisplayFigure 14.37 Determination of V_1n from a given luminance L₀ and from the previous frame value C_{LC,n − 1} and a family of C_LC = Q/V_LC hyperbolas with Q-values as parameters. This figure was reproduced from Lueder, E., SID 05 Seminar, p.M-5/9 with permission by The Society for Information DisplayFigure 14.38 Determination of V_1n from a given luminance L₀, the Q = C_LCV_LC curve and a family of straight lines for the charges C_{LC,n − 1}V_LC with the inclination C_{LC,n − 1} as parameters. This figure was reproduced from Lueder, E., SID 05 Seminar, p.M-5/9 with permission by The Society for Information DisplayFigure 14.39 The addressing waveform with a voltage pulse providing a boost of torque. This figure was reproduced from Lueder, E., Workshop Asia Display/IMID 04, p. 65 with permission by The Society for Information DisplayFigure 14.40 The addressing waveform for imposing a small pretilt in the previous frame. This figure was reproduced from Song, J. K. et al., SID04, p. 1346with permission by The Society for Information DisplayFigure 14.41 The turn-off and the turn-on time dependent on the voltage for the black stateFigure 14.42 Block diagram for the processing of the DCCII addressing method. This figure was reproduced from Song, J. K. et al., SID 04, p. 1346 with permission by The Society for Information DisplayFigure 14.43 The transient to the on-stage for various PVA based cells. This figure was reproduced from Song, J. K. et al., SID 04, p. 1346 with permission by The Society for Information DisplayFigure 14.44 Plot for intergrey response times of PVA with pretilt and overshoot (DCCII). This figure was reproduced from Song, J. K. et al., SID 04, p. 1346/7 with permission by The Society for Information DisplayFigure 14.45 (a) Cross-section and (b) top view of the CFFS cell. This figure was reproduced from Li, Y. et al., JSID 08, p. 1070 with permission by the Journal of the Society for Information DisplayFigure 14.46 (a) The anticlockwise rotation of an LC molecule towards the white state in the driving field from underneath; (b) the clockwise rotation towards black in an impulse of the E-field from above (relaxation)Figure 14.47 (a) The conventional FFS, (b) the undershoot switching and (c) the CFFS. This figure was reproduced from Li, Y. et al., JSID 08, p. 1071 with permission by the Journal of the Society for Information DisplayFigure 14.48 The decay of luminance to zero for the regular FFS (curve 1) and for CFFS (curve 2)Figure 14.49 The decay from a 100 percent to a 50 percent luminance for the three addressing modes in Figure 14.47: curve 1 for FFS, curve 2 for undershoot switching and curve 3 for CFFS. This figure was reproduced from Li, Y. et al., JSID 08, p. 1072 with permission by the Journal of the Society for Information DisplayFigure 14.50 The decay of luminance from 50 percent to 10 percent for the three addressing modes in Figure 14.49Figure 14.51 Addressing of two subpixels with a two capacitor charge sharing circuit (CS-S-PVA). This figure was reproduced from Park, S. B. et al., SID 07, p. 1252 with permission by The Society for Information DisplayFigure 14.52 Addressing of two subpixels with a one-capacitor charge sharing circuit (CS-PVA)Figure 14.53 Addressing of an array by charge sharing. This figure was reproduced from Kim, S. S., SID 08, p. 197 with permission by The Society for Information DisplayFigure 14.54 Cross-section of a BVA display. This figure was reproduced from Shih, P. S. et al., SID 06, p. 1067 with permission by The Society for Information DisplayFigure 14.55 The minimum bias voltage required in the BVA mode versus the pixel voltage. This figure was reproduced from Shih, P. S. et al., SID 06, p. 1067 with permission by The Society for Information DisplayFigure 14.56 Cross-section of a BVA display with a stacked bias electrode. This figure was reproduced from Shih, P. S. et al., SID 06, p. 1069 with permission by The Society for Information DisplayFigure 14.57 Transmittance versus pixel voltage V_p of a BVA cell. This figure was reproduced from Shih, P. S. et al., SID 06, p. 1068 with permission by The Society for Information DisplayFigure 14.58 Addressing circuit of a BVA cell and dot inversion. This figure was reproduced from Shih P.S. et al. SID 06, p. 1068 with permission by The Society for Information DisplayFigure 14.59 The delayed 10 percent to 90 percent (a) rise and (b) fall of luminance L versus time as a response to a stepwise stimulus (mostly voltage) at an LCDFigure 14.60 Blurred edge width (BEW) of a moving stripe displayed on an LCDFigure 14.61 The smooth pursuit of a movement on an LCDFigure 14.62 The integration and averaging of luminance along the path of smooth pursuitFigure 14.63 The spatial response on the retina to a spatial rectangular impulse of width w and speed υ >; w displayed on an LCDFigure 14.64 The spatial response to a rectangular impulse of width w and speed υ < wFigure 14.65 The spatial response to a rectangular impulse of width w and speed υ presented with a flash of light of duration t₀ with

Figure 14.66 The spatial response to a rectangular impulse of width w and speed υ presented with a flash of light of duration t₀ with

, but t₀ < T_fFigure 14.67 The response V₀(x) = L, the luminance on the retina of (a) a stripe moving with speed υ in a 60 Hz frame; (b) a stripe moving with speed υ/2 in a 120 Hz frame; (c) a stripe moving in a 120 Hz frame with a black frame inserted (ν is measured as pixels/frame)Figure 14.68 The generation of a spatial response with artifacts between two moving images. This figure was reproduced from Mikoshiba, S. et al., SID 00, p. 385 with permission by The Society for Information DisplayFigure 14.69 The colour break-up in two pixels of width d with different colours moving at speed υ. This figure was reproduced from Mikoshiba, S. et al., SID 00, p. 386 with permission by The Society for Information DisplayFigure 14.70 The reduction of artifacts and colour break-up by approximating a parallelogram realized by shifting pixels. This figure was reproduced from Mikoshiba, S. et al., SID 00, p. 387 with permission by The Society for Information DisplayFigure 14.71 The edge enhancement by overdrive. This figure was reproduced from Kawabe, K. et al., SID 01, p. 998 with permission by The Society for Information DisplayFigure 14.72 A light impulse extended into two frames and the integration limits for the integrals in Equation (14.109). This figure was reproduced from Becker, M. E., SID 08, p.110 with permission by The Society for Information DisplayFigure 14.73 The block diagram for the calculation of the grey shade G″n replacing Gn by overshoot. This figure was reproduced from Lee, B. W. et al., SID 06, p. 1802 with permission by The Society for Information DisplayFigure 14.74 Luminance reached starting from different levels of black. This figure was reproduced from Kim, T. et al., SID 06, p. 1794 with permission by The Society for Information DisplayFigure 14.75 White level and contrast reached depending on the grey level of the black insertion. This figure was reproduced from Kim, T. et al., SID 06, p. 1795 with permission by The Society for Information DisplayFigure 14.76 The positions of a stripe of backlight with respect to the transient of the luminance (pixel response): (a) just before the start of the luminance, (b) in the rising flank of the luminance and (c) in the falling flank of the luminance. This figure was reproduced from Sluyterman, A. A. S. and Boonekamp, B. E., SID 05, p. 997 with permission by The Society for Information DisplayFigure 14.77 The ideal position of the scanning backlight at the start of the steady state of the luminance in each row. This figure was reproduced from Sluyterman, A. A. S. and Boonekamp, B.E., SID 05, p. 998 with permission by The Society for Information DisplayFigure 14.78 The still perceivable cycles per degree (cpd) of an object moving with speed in degrees/s. This figure was reproduced from Kuroki, Y. et al., SID 06, p. 14 with permission by The Society for Information DisplayFigure 14.79 The still perceived cpd versus speed with a frame rate of a displayed image of 60 Hz and 24 Hz. This figure was reproduced from Kuroki, Y. et al., SID 06, p. 14 with permission by The Society for Information DisplayFigure 14.80 Level of a no longer annoying BEW of various objects versus frame rate. This figure was reproduced from Kuroki, Y. et al., SID 06, p. 16 with permission by The Society for Information DisplayFigure 14.81 (a) The function of the subframes A/A and A/B and (b) the waveform of the voltages at subpixel A and B. This figure was reproduced from Kim, T. et al., SID 06, p. 1709 with permission by The Society for Information DisplayFigure 14.82 The transient of the luminance for different addressing schemes. This figure was reproduced from Kim, T. et al., JSID 08, 16/1, p. 181 with permission by the Journal of the Society for Information