Small Animal Laparoscopy and Thoracoscopy. Группа авторов

and later...Figure 4.28 (A). A suction irrigation device has many fenestrations in the t...Figure 4.29 Use of a wound retractor in abdominal minimally invasive surgery...Figure 4.30 A wound retractor applies centrifugal force on the incision, gre...Figure 4.31 Wound retractor in the chest.Figure 4.32 The wound retractor facilitates exteriorizing of organs while pr...Figure 4.33 (A). Application of a wound retractor. With the flexible ring po...Figure 4.34 A laparoscopic cap makes a wound retractor to a laparoscopic sys...Figure 4.35 A morcellator.

      8 Chapter 5Figure 5.1 Most electrosurgery units operate within the medium radiofrequenc...Figure 5.2 Pure cut is a continuous low‐voltage waveform. Coagulation wavefo...Figure 5.3 Alternating current flows from the generator to the handpiece. El...Figure 5.4 Electrode extensions are available in various tip configurations....Figure 5.5 Both J‐ and L‐shaped extensions are available for use with monopo...Figure 5.6 Direct coupling occurs when the active electrode is in close prox...Figure 5.7 Indirect coupling or insulation failure occurs when there is dama...Figure 5.8 Valley Lab Force Triad generator, which combines monopolar, bipol...Figure 5.9 Valley Lab LigaSure generator with numerous bipolar handpieces fo...Figure 5.10 A variety of bipolar handpieces are available for open and MIS. ...Figure 5.11 Sonicision is a cordless ultrasonic dissector that is approved f...Figure 5.12 Endoclips come in different shaft diameters and clip sizes. They...Figure 5.13 Endoscopic gastrointestinal anastomosis staplers have a 10‐mm‐di...

      9 Chapter 6Figure 6.1 This operating laparoscope (Karl Storz Endoscopy, Goleta, CA) inc...Figure 6.2 Single‐port access laparoscopy is performed by the passage of thr...Figure 6.3 The SILS (single‐incision laparoscopic surgery) port (Covidien, M...Figure 6.4 With the SILS (single‐incision laparoscopic surgery) device (Karl...Figure 6.5 With some port devices, some triangulation can still be maintaine...Figure 6.6 A wound retractor with latex glove and finger ports can be used a...Figure 6.7 This wound retractor (Alexis; Applied Medical, Rancho Santa Marga...Figure 6.8 The wound retractor in figure 11 can be used with a laparoscopic ...Figure 6.9 Coaxial instruments used through single‐port devices can obviate ...Figure 6.10 A right‐angle adaptor placed onto the connection between the lig...

      10 Chapter 7Figure 7.1 Inadvertent splenic puncture.Figure 7.2 Radiographic image showing inadvertent placement of insufflation ...Figure 7.3 Dog prepared for laparoscopic intervention in Fowler position (re...

      11 Chapter 8Figure 8.1 When the Veress needle (VN) is used to achieve abdominal access, ...Figure 8.2 Veress needles (VNs) come in a variety of forms. (A), Reusable VN...Figure 8.3 Intercostal placement of a Veress needle.Figure 8.4 In some commercially available ports, the distance between the ex...Figure 8.5 Cannula design compatible with use in small patients. A very shor...Figure 8.6 Open placement with the Hasson technique. (A), Dissection of the ...Figure 8.7 The Visiport Plus Optical Trocar Covidien/Medtronic, Salem, CT. T...Figure 8.8 Ternaminan visual (TV) laparoscopic entry (Video 8.2) utilizes a ...Figure 8.9 Single‐port‐single Instrument surgery. In this technique (here a ...Figure 8.10 Port site metastasis demarcated with asterisks identified at the...Figure 8.11 Intra‐abdominal view of a cat undergoing transperitoneal insuffl...Figure 8.12 Gasless isobaric pneumoperitoneum by use of an abdominal wall li...Figure 8.13 Reverse Trendelenburg is pictured in (A), while Trendelenburg is...Figure 8.14 The patient is in lateral recumbency while utilizing the lateral...

      12 Chapter 9Figure 9.1 Intra‐abdominal adhesions after previous surgery, as in this case...Figure 9.2 Illustration of an improper stance, consisting of neck rotation a...Figure 9.3 Endoscopic view of the visual entry technique with a 30‐degree an...Figure 9.4 Extreme abdominal wall tenting occurs when the skin incision is t...Figure 9.5 Blunt insertion techniques can lead to the trocar ricocheting off...Figure 9.6 Stay sutures, used to lift the abdominal wall during direct troca...Figure 9.7 Splenic laceration or perforation, due to improper trocar entry t...Figure 9.8 Starting a laparoscopic procedure with a near‐empty CO₂‐cannister...Figure 9.9 Preoperative check of the integrity of the cannula valve to avoid...Figure 9.10 The two most common causes for obscured visualization are lens f...Figure 9.11 Obscured visualization (A) caused by placing the caudal midline ...Figure 9.12 Intraoperative view of a hemostatic sponge sticking to the grasp...Figure 9.13 Intraoperative view of the sliding knot of a ligating loop engag...Figure 9.14 Intraoperative view of profuse arterial bleeding occurring durin...Figure 9.15 Intraoperative view demonstrating collateral thermal damage from...Figure 9.16 Persistent hemorrhage from a liver biopsy site in a dog with sev...Figure 9.17 Placing an activated light cable on the patient drapes will quic...Figure 9.18 Alternate pathway burns, in this case resulting from return pad ...Figure 9.19 Liver laceration occurred in this dog when, during a sudden loss...Figure 9.20 Emergent conversion was performed after the Endotip cannula perf...

      13 Chapter 10Figure 10.1 Illustration of the major vascular anatomy of the gastrointestin...Figure 10.2 Intracorporeal view of the right cranial abdomen of a dog in lef...Figure 10.3 Preoperative sagittal abdominal computed tomography (CT) image o...Figure 10.4 A motorized tilt table used to facilitate both lateral and rever...Figure 10.5 Preoperative images (A and B) of a dog with a small intestinal f...Figure 10.6 Illustration of the operating room set up for laparoscopic‐assis...Figure 10.7 Illustration for correct port location for a multiport laparosco...Figure 10.8 Illustration of correct location for a single‐incision port for ...Figure 10.9 Intracorporeal view of the visceral gastric surface during retra...Figure 10.10 Intracorporeal view of the gastric antrum during elevation of t...Figure 10.11 Intraoperative view of extracorporealized bowel using a Gelpi r...Figure 10.12 Intraoperative view of a hyperemic region of small bowel after ...

      14 Chapter 11Figure 11.1 Postoperative image of a patient with a nasoesophageal feeding t...Figure 11.2 Image of a patient with an esophageal feeding tube in place. The...Figure 11.3 Intraoperative image of a patient undergoing open abdominal surg...Figure