Natural History Collections in the Science of the 21st Century. Группа авторов

17.2. Accelerating the process of the incomplete inventory of life 17.3. Why more biology in natural history collections? 17.4. Images in the natural sciences: a collection like any other? 17.5. The Hemiptera of France: an exemplary iconography 17.6. Trait databases, query automation and bio-inspiration 17.7. Conclusion: a new challenge for natural history 17.8. References

      23  18 The Use of Large Natural History Datasets to Respond to Current Scientific and Societal Issues 18.1. Introduction 18.2. Making data available: a revolution 18.3. Challenges for data providers 18.4. The role of access portals 18.5. The importance of scientific analysis design in appropriating the specificities of data from collections 18.6. Moving from raw data to sorted data that can be used for scientific analyses 18.7. Conclusion 18.8. References

      24  19 Is There a Need for Biocultural Collections? State of the Art and Perspectives 19.1. Introduction 19.2. Origin of these collections 19.3. Collection principles and the function of collections 19.4. Principles for the articulation of sets 19.5. Description of the collections 19.6. What changes? 19.7. References

      25  20 Why Preserve? 20.1. The museum’s collections: between study and heritage 20.2. Disrupting the equilibrium 20.3. Preparation and storage 20.4. The main principles of conservation 20.5. The main principles of conservation being undermined 20.6. Multiple values 20.7. The scientific value of the collections 20.8. Conclusion 20.9. References

      26  21 Collections for Scientific Research in the 21st Century and Beyond 21.1. Collections in the quest for knowledge 21.2. Three main kinds of new uses for collections 21.3. Lessons from these new uses 21.4. Collections in 21st century science and beyond 21.5. Conclusion 21.6. References

      27  List of Authors

      28  Index

      29  End User License Agreement

      List of Table

      1 Chapter 8Table 8.1. Distribution of the number of specimens in the “cyanobacteria and mic...

      2 Chapter 9Table 9.1. Number of families and species by mammalian order currently in the TC...Table 9.2. Number of families and species by order of birds and reptiles current...

      3 Chapter 14Table 14.1. Number of specimens from natural history collections used for invasi...

      4 Chapter 15Table 15.1. The 27 species of the Dinard Herbarium collected in the Saint-Malo a...

      List of Illustrations

      1 Chapter 1Figure 1.1. Examples of environments that are difficult to sample. (a) The Canop...

      2 Chapter 3Figure 3.1. From museum objects to digital models. © F. Farges/MNHNFigure 3.2. Gems and models. © F. Farges/MNHNFigure 3.3. (a) Results of ab initio calculations on the color of the Hope diamo...Figure 3.4. Optical principles of a generic faceted diamond explaining definitio...

      3 Chapter 4Figure 4.1. Current state of the discovery site of the Chachapoya mummy MNHN-HA-...Figure 4.2. Museum history of the Chachapoya mummy MNHN-HA-30187 at the Palais d...Figure 4.3. Current state of the mummy MNHN-HA-30187. (a) General photographs of...Figure 4.4. Experimental reproduction protocol of the cranial trepanation of the...Figure 4.5. Examples of images of the mummy obtained from CT imaging. (a) Views ...Figure 4.6. Osteo-dental condition of mummy MNHN-HA-30187Figure 4.7. Coronal section and 3D reconstruction of the lumbosacral junction, s...Figure 4.8. (a) Sagittal and (b) axial sections showing intracranial and intrasp...Figure 4.9. Chest CT images. (a) Coronal section of the trachea [tr.]. (b) Coron...Figure 4.10. Location of Calliphoridae diptera puparia (red arrows) (a) on the l...Figure 4.11. Remarkably preserved subfossil puparium of a Calliphoridae fly (Com...Figure 4.12. (a and b) Trepanation measurements. (c) Endocranial view of the tre...Figure 4.13. Experimental extraction of the trepanation flap. (a) Successive ste...Figure 4.14. (a) Location of Calliphoridae dipteran puparia on the mummy’s face ...

      4 Chapter 5Figure 5.1. “Evolutions” in biological anthropology: as the 21st century has gon...Figure 5.2. Map showing the provenance of the Native American and Australasian c...Figure 5.3. Diagram, in frontal, lateral and superior views, representing the cr...Figure 5.4. Phenetic tree using the neighbor-joining method, computed from Procr...Figure 5.5. Principal component analysis calculated on Procrustes coordinates of...Figure 5.6. Map showing the provenance of the sample of 525 skulls used to test ...Figure 5.7. Comparison between geographical distances (a) and shape distances, e...Figure 5.8. Discriminant analysis (CVA) performed on the Procrustes coordinates,...

      5 Chapter 6Figure 6.1. (a) Blue latex of Pycnandra acuminata (image by S. Merlot). (b) Geis...Figure