Экономика
Различные книги в жанре ЭкономикаReconstructing a Fragile State
Emerging from the ethnic tensions that tore the Solomon Islands apart from 1998 to 2003, the country's Ministry of Infrastructure Development faced a number of serious challenges. Given the vast needs in the Solomon Islands, the Ministry of Infrastructure Development was called upon to take a leading role in post-conflict reconstruction and providing some of the foundations for economic renewal. This case study examines how capacity issues were addressed within the ministry in the post-conflict period and how the sense of crisis which prevailed in the country opened up opportunities to explore new institutional arrangements and ways of addressing infrastructure issues.
Making Things Simpler?
A 2001 report by the Australian Agency for International Development and the New Zealand Ministry for Foreign Affairs and Trade marked the beginning of efforts by both governments to increase their emphasis on aid harmonization in the Pacific. This was followed by a decision to pilot a cofunded program in the Cook Islands which is the subject of this case study. The case is presented through the eyes of Garth Henderson, the senior Cook Islands official responsible for aid management. This report describes how the Cook Islands government, through the aid harmonization process, enhanced its capacity for aid management while strengthening national ownership and forging a shared sense of direction by all stakeholders.
Improving Government
Capacity development is central to improving standards of living and reducing poverty in developing member countries. It is much more than just training or skills transfer; it is about effective institutions, a sound unpoliticized policy environment, accountability systems, effective relationships, and appropriate incentives. As noted in this study, capacity development should be firmly rooted in a country's political economy. It is a means to an end–the end being improved government performance.
From Dependency to Sustainability
The Star Mountain Investment Holding Limited (SMIHL) is a Papua New Guinean (PNG) landowner holding company operating in Western Province, in the shadows of the huge Ok Tedi mine. The initiative drew on a Future Generation Fund and was, for the community, a response to years of frustration with wasted opportunities for economic development which were attributed to a lack of organizational and economic development capacity, capture of benefits by local elites, and the absence of a consensus on how to address the community's long-term interests. Among other things, the case highlights the value of locally-led and facilitated change processes, and the understanding of local cultural dynamics and capacity issues that goes with it.
Bridging the State-Society Gap
The Community Justice Liaison Unit was established under Papua New Guinea's (PNG) law and justice sector program, with the support of the Australian government, to enhance the capacity of PNG's civil society and facilitate its involvement in policy development and delivery of services in the justice sector. The case study highlights those efforts in a context characterized by broad-based ownership of sector reforms and shared interests among civil society and government actors. In addition, it underscores the role external actors can play in supporting traditional institutions–such as PNG approaches to mediation and restorative justice–while encouraging links between the formal and informal aspects of the justice system.
Factors Affecting Firm-Level Investment and Performance in Border Economic Zones and Implications for Developing Cross-Border Economic Zones between the People's Republic of China and its Neighboring GMS Countries
This series features the scholarly works supported by the Phnom Penh Plan for Development Management, a region-wide capacity building program of the Asian Development Bank that supports knowledge products and services. It seeks to disseminate research results to a wider audience so that policy makers, implementers, and other stakeholders in the Greater Mekong Subregion can better appreciate and understand the breadth and depth of the region's development challenges.
Taking the Right Road to Inclusive Growth
This report discusses key policy challenges that need to be addressed if the Philippines were to embark on sustainable and inclusive growth. We take the view that the main reason behind the Philippines' lagging growth and development outcomes in the regional context lies in a sluggish transformation of the economy–in particular, stagnant industrialization. Chronic problems of unemployment, poverty, and low investment are reflections of weak industrial development. The economy has been led by services, and it has been further shifting toward services with the growing business process outsourcing. Nevertheless, sole development of the services sectors is not sufficient to address the development challenges and lead to inclusive growth. We propose more targeted public sector support, which focuses on specific industries and products for industrial upgrading and diversification. This report shows a methodology of choosing products for targeted public sector support, and recommends effective dialogue between the public and private sectors to identify constraints specific to the target products and to develop adequate solutions. The Philippines needs to develop a stronger industrial base to enable the economy to «walk on two legs» of industry and modern services, to create productive job opportunities for the growing working-age population.
Making A Difference in Mindanao
Since its inception in 1966, the Asian Development Bank (ADB) has been involved in the development of Mindanao, which accounts for a large slice of ADB operations in the Philippines. As of May 2010, ADB had approved 192 public sector/sovereign loans to the Philippines totaling $11.3 billion. Out of the 184 completed loans, 36 ($815.0 million) were exclusive to Mindanao while 30 ($1.2 billion) had national coverage but with subprojects in Mindanao. Out of the eight active loans, seven ($350 million) have subprojects in Mindanao. This report focuses on ADB's assistance to the Mindanao island group, particularly on how the project interventions may have made a difference in the lives of Mindanaoans.
Learning in Development
This publication tells the story of independent evaluation in the Asian Development Bank (ADB)–from its early years to the expansion of activities under a broader mandate–points up the application of knowledge management to sense-making, and brings to light the contribution that knowledge audits can make to organizational learning. It identifies the 10 challenges that ADB must overcome to develop as a learning organization and specifies practicable next steps to conquer each. The messages in this publication will echo outside ADB and appeal to the development community and people having interest in knowledge and learning.
Improving Accessibility of Financial Services in the Border-Gate Areas to Facilitate Cross-Border Trade
This series features the scholarly works supported by the Phnom Penh Plan for Development Management, a region-wide capacity building program of the Asian Development Bank that supports knowledge products and services. It seeks to disseminate research results to a wider audience so that policy makers, implementers, and other stakeholders in the Greater Mekong Subregion can better appreciate and understand the breadth and depth of the region's development challenges.