Smart Grid Telecommunications. Ramon Ferrús

consequential, or other damages.

       Library of Congress Cataloging‐in‐Publication Data

      Names: Sendin, Alberto, author. | Matanza, Javier, author. | Ferrús, Ramon, author.

      Title: Smart grid telecommunications : fundamentals and technologies in the 5G era / Alberto Sendin, Javier Matanza, Ramon Ferrús.

      Description: Hoboken, NJ : Wiley‐IEEE Press, 2021. | Includes index.

      Identifiers: LCCN 2021027143 (print) | LCCN 2021027144 (ebook) | ISBN 9781119755371 (hardback) | ISBN 9781119755388 (adobe pdf) | ISBN 9781119755395 (epub)

      Subjects: LCSH: Smart power grids. | 5G mobile communication systems. | Telecommunication.

      Classification: LCC TK3105 .S3495 2021 (print) | LCC TK3105 (ebook) | DDC 621.31–dc23

      LC record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021027143 LC ebook record available at https://lccn.loc.gov/2021027144

      Cover Design: Wiley

      Cover Image: © Image by Alberto Sendin

       To my wife Esti, and our children Eneko, Gilem, Eider, and Paule.

      Alberto Sendin

       To you, mum, wherever you are. And to my patient and loving wife Alicia and our two cheerful kids Lucas and Chloe.

      Javier Matanza

       A Mar, Carla i Roger. Tos estimo.

      Ramon Ferrús

       To the reader: we hope you find the book informative and helpful.

      The authors

      Author Biographies

      Dr Alberto Sendin received the M.Sc. Telecommunication Engineering in 1996, the M.A. degree in Management for Business Competitiveness (GECEM) in 2001, and the Ph.D. degree in Telecommunications in 2013, from the University of the Basque Country in Spain. Starting his professional career with Airtel Movil (now Vodafone), since 1998, he works for Iberdrola (one of the biggest electricity utilities) transforming its telecommunication network as Head of Telecommunications in Spain. He is also a Professor with the Comillas Pontifical University, Madrid, Spain, and formerly with the University of Deusto, Bilbao, Spain, teaching telecommunications since 1999 (microwaves, radiocommunication systems, telecommunication systems, project management, telecommunications for smart grids and Industry 4.0). He is the author and coauthor of eight telecommunication books edited by McGraw‐Hill, Artech House, and others; three chapters in edited books by John Wiley & Sons and CRC Press; and tens of peer‐reviewed academic papers. His interests are with smart grids, radiocommunication systems, wireline telecommunications systems, and Power Line Communications (PLC). He is an active member of the European Utilities Telecom Council (EUTC) and the PRIME Alliance, and through them, he contributes to ITU and 3GPP standardization activities for Smart Grids.

      Dr Javier Matanza received the M.Sc. in Telecommunication Engineering from the Polytechnic University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain, in 2008, and the Ph.D. degree from Comillas Pontifical University, Madrid, Spain, in 2013. He is currently a Research Professional with the Institute for Research in Technology focused on telecommunication technologies applied to power systems. In addition, he is a lecturer with the Comillas Pontifical University in the areas of Linear Systems, Communication Theory, Advanced Digital Communications on the Bachelor Degree in Engineering and Telecommunications Technologies, Master in Telecommunications Engineering, and Master of Science in Smart Grids; he is also the academic coordinator of the later. He has coauthored 14+ publications in JCR‐indexed peer‐reviewed journals, participated in 29+ international conferences, and worked on 22+ R&D projects. His current interests are in powerline communication technologies, signal processing, and communication network simulations.

Dr Ramon Ferrús received the Telecommunication Engineering (B.S. plus M.S.) and Ph.D. degrees from the Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, Spain, in 1996 and 2000, respectively, where he is currently a tenured associate professor within the Signal Theory and Communications department. He has taught in a wide range of basic and specialized courses within the bachelor and master degrees' programs in Telecommunications at UPC, covering topics related to digital communications, data transmission systems, radio communications, satellite communications, mobile communications systems, and network management. At research level, his interests include system design, resource optimization, and network and service management in wireless communications, with his latest activities focusing on the realization of network slicing capabilities in 5G radio access networks and the applicability of data analytics and machine learning techniques for network management. Since 2000, he has participated in 10+ research projects within the 6th, 7^th, and H2020 Research Framework Programmes of the European Commission, taking responsibilities as work package leader in some of them. He has contributed to ETSI standardization activities and is currently involved in 3GPP standardization for the adaptation of IoT‐NB protocols for non‐terrestrial networks. He has also participated in numerous national research projects and technology transfer activities for public and private companies. He is coauthor of two books, three book chapters, and 130+ papers published mostly in IEEE journals and conferences.

      Preface

      Electric power systems and telecommunications are two of the most basic services supporting our society. Their basic infrastructure nature draws similarities between them, including their high investments needs, their critical nature, and the high expectations over their service quality. However, there are also substantial differences such as the different role that regulation plays in both their technology evolution cycles and the service model.

      Electric power systems and telecommunications converge in the Smart Grid concept, as the flagship of a more secure, reliable, resilient, and automated grid, offering a platform to allow a more flexible system model where new power systems technologies and stakeholders may interact, to provide an enhanced electricity service within a more efficient and dynamic power system. Telecommunications are both an enabler of the Smart Grid through the provision of connectivity services to the grid assets, and a system stakeholder that will benefit from this enhanced service.

      The grid consists of substations connected with power lines. Substations spread through the territory in which electricity generation is transported and distributed to the customers, across different voltage levels. Transmission and Distribution System Operators rely on their Control Centers to manage electricity service delivery, making use of Information and Communication Technologies, to connect their central and distributed systems' applications, with the grid assets.

      Telecommunications networks consist of equipment performing transport, switching, and routing functions over telecommunication media such as optical fiber, radio, and different metallic supporting cables, including power lines; they also integrate ancillary elements and information systems, to create highly resilient telecommunication systems. Telecommunication services are delivered as the final product of Telecommunication systems, and all sorts of end users employ them to remotely communicate people and machines.

Telecommunications have always been instrumental in utility operations. The connectivity to the pervasive and widespread utility assets has always been key to coordinate operation crews and monitor, control and automate the performance of individual grid components and the system as an entity. While trying to leverage commercially provided telecommunication services, utilities have developed private telecommunication networks to fulfill requirements intrinsic to the nature of the grid and the electricity service. On the one hand, environmental conditions and functional performance needs