The 1992 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

Chief of State:

       President Vaclav HAVEL; (interim president from 29 December 1989 and

       president since 5 July 1990)

       Head of Government:

       Prime Minister Marian CALFA (since 10 December 1989); Deputy Prime Minister

       Vaclav KLAUS (since 3 October 1991); Deputy Prime Minister Jiri DIENSTBIER

       (since 28 June 1990); Deputy Prime Minister Jozef MIKLOSKO (since 28 June

       1990); Deputy Prime Minister Pavel RYCHETSKY (since 28 June 1990); Deputy

       Prime Minister Pavel HOFFMAN (since 3 October 1991); note - generally,

       "prime minister" is used at the federal level, "premier" at the republic

       level; Czech Premier - Petr PITHART; Slovak Premier - Jan CARNOGVRSKY

      :Czechoslovakia Government

      Political parties and leaders:

       note - there are very few federation-wide parties; party affiliation is

       indicted as Czech (C) or Slovak (S); Civic Democratic Party, Vaclav KLAUS,

       chairman, (C/S); Civic Movement, Jiri DIENSTBIER, chairman, (C); Civic

       Democratic Alliance, Jan KALVODA, chairman; Christian Democratic Union

       Public Against Violence, Martin PORUBJAK, chairman, (S); Christian

       Democratic Party, Vaclav BENDA, (C); Christian Democratic Movement, Jan

       CARNOGURSKY,(S); Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia, Juri SVOBODA,

       chairman; Movement for a Democratic Slovakia, Vladimir MECIAR, chairman -

       removed from power in November 1989 by massive antiregime demonstrations;

       Czechoslovak Social Democracy, Jiri HORAK, chairman, (C); Czechoslovak

       Socialist Party, Ladislav DVORAK, chairman, (C)(S); Movement for

       Self-Governing Democracy Society for Moravia and Silesia, Jan KRYCER,

       chairman, (C); Party of the Democratic Left, Peter WEISS, chairman

       (Slovakia's renamed Communists) (S); Slovak National Party, Jozef PROKES,

       chairman, (S); Democratic Party, Jan HOLCIK, chairman, (S); Coexistence,

       (C)(S)

       Suffrage:

       universal at age 18

       Elections:

       Federal Assembly:

       last held 8-9 June 1990 (next to be held 5-6 June 1992); results - Civic

       Forum/Public Against Violence coalition 46%, KSC 13.6%; seats - (300 total)

       Civic Forum/Public Against Violence coalition 170, KSC 47, Christian and

       Democratic Union/Christian Democratic Movement 40, Czech, Slovak, Moravian,

       and Hungarian groups 43

       President:

       last held 5 July 1990 (next to be held 3 July 1992); results - Vaclav HAVEL

       elected by the Federal Assembly

       Communists:

       760,000 party members (September 1990); about 1,000,000 members lost since

       November 1989

       Other political or pressure groups:

       Czechoslovak Socialist Party, Czechoslovak People's Party, Czechoslovak

       Social Democracy, Slovak Nationalist Party, Slovak Revival Party, Christian

       Democratic Party; over 80 registered political groups fielded candidates in

       the 8-9 June 1990 legislative election

       Member of:

       BIS, CCC, CE, CSCE, EC (associate) ECE, FAO, GATT, HG, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO,

       IFCTU, ILO, IMF, IMO, INMARSAT, IOC, ISO, ITU, LORCS, NACC, NSG, PCA, UN,

       UNAVEM, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, ZC

       Diplomatic representation:

       Ambassador Rita KLIMOVA; Chancery at 3900 Linnean Avenue NW, Washington, DC

       20008; telephone [phone] or 6316

       US:

       Ambassador Shirley Temple BLACK; Embassy at Trziste 15, 125 48, Prague 1

       (mailing address is Unit 25402; APO AE 09213-5630); telephone [42] (2)

       536-641/6; FAX [42] (2) 532-457

       Flag:

       two equal horizontal bands of white (top) and red with a blue isosceles

       triangle based on the hoist side

      :Czechoslovakia Economy

      Overview:

       Czechoslovakia is highly industrialized by East European standards and has a

       well-educated and skilled labor force. GDP per capita has been the highest

       in Eastern Europe. Annual GDP growth slowed to less than 1 percent during

       the 1985-90 period. The country is deficient in energy and in many raw

       materials. Moreover, its aging capital plant lags well behind West European

       standards. In January 1991, Prague launched a sweeping program to convert

       its almost entirely state-owned and controlled economy to a market system.

       The koruna now enjoys almost full internal convertibility and over 90% of

       prices are set by the market. The government is planning to privatize all

       small businesses and roughly two-thirds of large enterprises by the end of

       1993. New private-sector activity is also expanding. Agriculture - 95%

       socialized - is to be privatized by the end of 1992. Reform has taken its

       toll on the economy: inflation was roughly 50% in 1991, unemployment was

       nearly 70%, and GDP dropped an estimated 15%. In 1992 the government is

       anticipating inflation of 10-15%, unemployment of 11-12%, and a drop in GDP

       of up to 8%. As of mid-1992, the nation appears to be splitting in two -

       into the industrial Czech area and the more agarian Slovak area.

       GDP:

       purchasing power equivalent - $108.9 billion, per capita $6,900; real growth

       rate -15% (1991 est.)

       Inflation rate (consumer prices):

       52% (1991 est.)

       Unemployment rate:

       officially 6.7% (1991 est.)

       Budget:

       revenues $4.5 billion; expenditures $4.5 billion, including capital

       expenditures of $200 million (1992)

       Exports:

       $12.0 billion (f.o.b., 1990)

       commodities:

       machinery and equipment 39.2%; fuels, minerals, and metals 8.1%;

       agricultural and forestry products 6.2%, other 46.5%

       partners:

       USSR, Germany, Poland, Austria, Hungary, Yugoslavia, Italy, France, US, UK

       Imports:

       $13.3 billion (f.o.b., 1990)

       commodities:

       machinery and equipment 37.3%; fuels, minerals, and metals 22.6%;

       agricultural and forestry products 7.0%; other 33.1%

       partners:

       USSR, Germany, Austria, Poland, Switzerland, Hungary, Yugoslavia, UK, Italy