The 1994 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

usable:

       1

       with permanent-surface runways:

       1

       with runways over 3,659 m:

       0

       with runways 2,440–3,659 m:

       0

       with runways 1,220–2,439 m:

       1

       Telecommunications:

       250 radios (1985); linked by telephone, telex, and facsimile

       communications via satellite with Australia; broadcast stations - 1

       AM, no FM, no TV

      @Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Defense Forces

      Note: defense is the responsibility of Australia

      @Colombia, Geography

      Location:

       Northern South America, between Panama and Venezuela

       Map references:

       Central America and the Caribbean, South America, Standard Time Zones

       of the World

       Area:

       total area:

       1,138,910 sq km

       land area:

       1,038,700 sq km

       comparative area:

       slightly less than three times the size of Montana

       note:

       includes Isla de Malpelo, Roncador Cay, Serrana Bank, and Serranilla

       Bank

       Land boundaries:

       total 7,408 km, Brazil 1,643 km, Ecuador 590 km, Panama 225 km, Peru

       2,900 km, Venezuela 2,050 km

       Coastline:

       3,208 km (Caribbean Sea 1,760 km, North Pacific Ocean 1,448 km)

       Maritime claims:

       continental shelf:

       not specified

       exclusive economic zone:

       200 nm

       territorial sea:

       12 nm

       International disputes:

       maritime boundary dispute with Venezuela in the Gulf of Venezuela;

       territorial dispute with Nicaragua over Archipelago de San Andres y

       Providencia and Quita Sueno Bank

       Climate:

       tropical along coast and eastern plains; cooler in highlands

       Terrain:

       flat coastal lowlands, central highlands, high Andes Mountains,

       eastern lowland plains

       Natural resources:

       petroleum, natural gas, coal, iron ore, nickel, gold, copper, emeralds

       Land use:

       arable land:

       4%

       permanent crops:

       2%

       meadows and pastures:

       29%

       forest and woodland:

       49%

       other:

       16%

       Irrigated land:

       5,150 sq km (1989 est.)

       Environment:

       current issues:

       deforestation; soil damage from overuse of pesticides

       natural hazards:

       highlands subject to volcanic eruptions; periodic droughts

       international agreements:

       party to - Antarctic Treaty, Endangered Species, Marine Life

       Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship

       Pollution, Tropical Timber; signed, but not ratified -

       Antarctic-Environmental Protocol, Biodiversity, Climate Change,

       Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping

       Note:

       only South American country with coastlines on both North Pacific

       Ocean and Caribbean Sea

      @Colombia, People

      Population: 35,577,556 (July 1994 est.) Population growth rate: 1.77% (1994 est.) Birth rate: 22.64 births/1,000 population (1994 est.) Death rate: 4.75 deaths/1,000 population (1994 est.) Net migration rate: −0.21 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1994 est.) Infant mortality rate: 28.3 deaths/1,000 live births (1994 est.) Life expectancy at birth: total population: 72.1 years male: 69.33 years female: 74.95 years (1994 est.) Total fertility rate: 2.47 children born/woman (1994 est.) Nationality: noun: Colombian(s) adjective: Colombian Ethnic divisions: mestizo 58%, white 20%, mulatto 14%, black 4%, mixed black-Indian 3%, Indian 1% Religions: Roman Catholic 95% Languages: Spanish Literacy: age 15 and over can read and write (1990 est.) total population: 87% male: 88% female: 86% Labor force: 12 million (1990) by occupation: services 46%, agriculture 30%, industry 24% (1990)

      @Colombia, Government

      Names:

       conventional long form:

       Republic of Colombia

       conventional short form:

       Colombia

       local long form:

       Republica de Colombia

       local short form:

       Colombia

       Digraph:

       CO

       Type:

       republic; executive branch dominates government structure

       Capital:

       Bogota

       Administrative divisions:

       32 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento) and 1 capital

       district* (distrito capital); Amazonas, Antioquia, Arauca, Atlantico,

       Bogota*, Bolivar, Boyaca, Caldas, Caqueta, Casanare, Cauca, Cesar,

       Choco, Cordoba, Cundinamarca, Guainia, Guaviare, Huila, La Guajira,

       Magdalena, Meta, Narino, Norte de Santander, Putumayo, Quindio,

       Risaralda, San Andres y Providencia, Santander, Sucre, Tolima, Valle

       del Cauca, Vaupes, Vichada

       Independence:

       20 July 1810 (from Spain)

       National holiday:

       Independence Day, 20 July (1810)

       Constitution:

       5 July 1991

       Legal system:

       based on Spanish law; a new criminal code modeled after US procedures

       was enacted in 1992–93; judicial review of executive and legislative

       acts; accepts compulsory ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations

       Suffrage:

       18 years of age; universal and compulsory

       Executive branch:

       chief of state and head of government:

       President Cesar GAVIRIA Trujillo (since 7 August 1990);

       President-designate Juan Manuel SANTOS (since NA 1993); election last

       held 27 May 1990 (next to be held May 1994); results - Cesar GAVIRIA

       Trujillo (Liberal Party) 47%, Alvaro