The 2001 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

not held and SAVIMBI's National Union for the Total Independence of Angola (UNITA) repudiated the results of the first election; the civil war resumed

      Legislative branch: unicameral National Assembly or Assembleia Nacional (220 seats; members elected by proportional vote to serve four-year terms)

      elections: last held 29–30 September 1992 (next to be held NA)

      election results: percent of vote by party - MPLA 54%, UNITA 34%, others 12%; seats by party - MPLA 129, UNITA 70, PRS 6, FNLA 5, PLD 3, others 7

      Judicial branch: Supreme Court or Tribunal da Relacao (judges are appointed by the president)

      Political parties and leaders: Liberal Democratic Party or PLD

       [Analia de Victoria PEREIRA]; National Front for the Liberation of

       Angola or FNLA [disputed leadership: Lucas NGONDA, Holden ROBERTO];

       National Union for the Total Independence of Angola or UNITA [Jonas

       SAVIMBI], largest opposition party has engaged in years of armed

       resistance; Popular Movement for the Liberation of Angola or MPLA

       [Jose Eduardo DOS SANTOS] ruling party in power since 1975; Social

       Renewal Party or PRS [disputed leadership: Eduardo KUANGANA, Antonio

       MUACHICUNGO]; UNITA-Renovada [Eugenio NGOLO "Manuvakola", leader]

      note: about a dozen minor parties participated in the 1992 elections but won few seats and have little influence in the National Assembly

      Political pressure groups and leaders: Front for the Liberation of the Enclave of Cabinda or FLEC [N'zita Henriques TIAGO; Antonio Bento BEMBE]

      note: FLEC is waging a small-scale, highly factionalized, armed struggle for the independence of Cabinda Province

      International organization participation: ACP, AfDB, CCC, CEEAC,

       ECA, FAO, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC,

       IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ITU, NAM, OAS

       (observer), OAU, SADC, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WFTU, WHO,

       WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO

      Diplomatic representation in the US: chief of mission: Ambassador

       Josefina Perpetua Pitra DIAKIDI

      chancery: 1615 M Street, NW, Suite 900, Washington, DC 20036

      telephone: [1] (202) 785–1156

      FAX: [1] (202) 785–1258

      consulate(s) general: New York

      Diplomatic representation from the US: chief of mission: Ambassador

       Joseph G. SULLIVAN

      embassy: number 32 Rua Houari Boumeddienne, Luanda

      mailing address: international mail: Caixa Postal 6484, Luanda; pouch: American Embassy Luanda, Department of State, Washington, DC 20521–2550

      telephone: [244] (2) 345–481, 346–418

      FAX: [244] (2) 346–924

      Flag description: two equal horizontal bands of red (top) and black with a centered yellow emblem consisting of a five-pointed star within half a cogwheel crossed by a machete (in the style of a hammer and sickle)

      Angola Economy

      Economy - overview: Angola is an economy in disarray because of a quarter century of nearly continuous warfare. Despite its abundant natural resources, output per capita is among the world's lowest. Subsistence agriculture provides the main livelihood for 85% of the population. Oil production and the supporting activities are vital to the economy, contributing about 45% to GDP and 90% of exports. Violence continues, millions of land mines remain, and many farmers are reluctant to return to their fields. As a result, much of the country's food must still be imported. To fully take advantage of its rich resources - gold, diamonds, extensive forests, Atlantic fisheries, and large oil deposits - Angola will need to end its conflict and continue reforming government policies. Despite the increase in the pace of civil warfare in late 1998, the economy grew by an estimated 5% in 2000. The government introduced new currency denominations in 1999, including 1 and 5 kwanza notes. Internal strife discourages investment outside of the petroleum sector, which is producing roughly 800,000 barrels of oil per day. Angola has entered into a Staff Monitored Program (SMP) with the IMF. Continued growth depends on sharp cuts in inflation, further economic reform, and a lessening of fighting.

      GDP: purchasing power parity - $10.1 billion (2000 est.)

      GDP - real growth rate: 4.9% (2000 est.)

      GDP - per capita: purchasing power parity - $1,000 (2000 est.)

      GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 7%

      industry: 60%

      services: 33% (1999 est.)

      Population below poverty line: NA%

      Household income or consumption by percentage share: lowest 10%: NA%

      highest 10%: NA%

      Inflation rate (consumer prices): 325% (2000 est.)

      Labor force: 5 million (1997 est.)

      Labor force - by occupation: agriculture 85%, industry and services 15% (1997 est.)

      Unemployment rate: extensive unemployment and underemployment affecting more than half the population (2000 est.)

      Budget: revenues: $928 million

      expenditures: $2.5 billion, including capital expenditures of $963 million (1992 est.)

      Industries: petroleum; diamonds, iron ore, phosphates, feldspar, bauxite, uranium, and gold; cement; basic metal products; fish processing; food processing; brewing; tobacco products; sugar; textiles

      Industrial production growth rate: NA%

      Electricity - production: 1.475 billion kWh (1999)

      Electricity - production by source: fossil fuel: 32.2%

      hydro: 67.8%

      nuclear: 0%

      other: 0% (1999)

      Electricity - consumption: 1.372 billion kWh (1999)

      Electricity - exports: 0 kWh (1999)

      Electricity - imports: 0 kWh (1999)

      Agriculture - products: bananas, sugarcane, coffee, sisal, corn, cotton, manioc (tapioca), tobacco, vegetables, plantains; livestock; forest products; fish

      Exports: $7.8 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.)

      Exports - commodities: crude oil 90%, diamonds, refined petroleum products, gas, coffee, sisal, fish and fish products, timber, cotton

      Exports - partners: US 54%, South Korea 14%, Benelux 11%, China 7%,

       Taiwan 6% (1999)

      Imports: $2.5 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.)

      Imports - commodities: machinery and electrical equipment, vehicles and spare parts; medicines, food, textiles, military goods

      Imports - partners: South Korea 16%, Portugal 15%, US 13%, South

       Africa 10%, France 8% (1999)

      Debt - external: $10.8 billion (2000 est.)

      Economic aid - recipient: $493.1 million (1995)

      Currency: kwanza (AOA)

      Currency code: AOA

      Exchange rates: kwanza per US dollar - 17,910,800 (January 2001), 10,041,000 (2000), 2,790,706 (1999), 392,824 (1998), 229,040 (1997), 128,029 (1996); note - in December 1999 the kwanza was revalued with six zeroes