The 2008 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

and offshore banking, insurance, ship repairing, tourism

      Industrial production growth rate:

      5.2% (2007 est.)

      Electricity - production:

      9.233 billion kWh (2006 est.)

      Electricity - consumption:

      8.742 billion kWh (2006 est.)

      Electricity - exports:

      0 kWh (2007 est.)

      Electricity - imports:

      0 kWh (2007 est.)

      Electricity - production by source:

      fossil fuel: 100% hydro: 0% nuclear: 0% other: 0% (2001)

      Oil - production:

      48,610 bbl/day (2007 est.)

      Oil - consumption:

      32,830 bbl/day (2006 est.)

      Oil - exports:

      238,900 bbl/day (2005)

      Oil - imports:

      221,500 bbl/day (2005)

      Oil - proved reserves:

      124.6 million bbl (1 January 2008 est.)

      Natural gas - production:

      11.33 billion cu m (2006 est.)

      Natural gas - consumption:

      11.33 billion cu m (2006 est.)

      Natural gas - exports:

      0 cu m (2007 est.)

      Natural gas - imports:

      0 cu m (2007 est.)

      Natural gas - proved reserves:

      92.03 billion cu m (1 January 2008 est.)

      Current account balance:

      $2.907 billion (2007 est.)

      Exports:

      $13.79 billion (2007 est.)

      Exports - commodities:

      petroleum and petroleum products, aluminum, textiles

      Exports - partners:

      Saudi Arabia 3.5%, US 2.5%, UAE 2.5% (2007)

      Imports:

      $10.93 billion (2007 est.)

      Imports - commodities:

      crude oil, machinery, chemicals

      Imports - partners:

      Saudi Arabia 37.7%, Japan 7.2%, US 6.2%, Germany 4.7%, UK 4.5%, UAE 4.2%, China 4.1% (2007)

      Economic aid - recipient:

      $103.9 million (2004)

      Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:

      $4.101 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

      Debt - external:

      $7.858 billion (31 December 2007 est.)

      Stock of direct foreign investment - at home:

      $13.31 billion (2007 est.)

      Stock of direct foreign investment - abroad:

      $7.72 billion (2007 est.)

      Market value of publicly traded shares:

      $21.12 billion (2006)

      Currency (code):

      Bahraini dinar (BHD)

      Currency code:

      BHD

      Exchange rates:

      Bahraini dinars (BHD) per US dollar - 0.376 (2007), 0.376 (2006), 0.376 (2005), 0.376 (2004), 0.376 (2003)

      Communications

       Bahrain

      Telephones - main lines in use:

      194,200 (2006)

      Telephones - mobile cellular:

      1.116 million (2007)

      Telephone system:

      general assessment: modern system domestic: modern fiber-optic integrated services; digital network with rapidly growing use of mobile-cellular telephones international: country code - 973; landing point for the Fiber-Optic Link Around the Globe (FLAG) submarine cable network that provides links to Asia, Middle East, Europe, and US; tropospheric scatter to Qatar and UAE; microwave radio relay to Saudi Arabia; satellite earth station - 1 (2007)

      Radio broadcast stations:

      AM 2, FM 3, shortwave 0 (1998)

      Radios:

      338,000 (1997)

      Television broadcast stations:

      4 (1997)

      Televisions:

      275,000 (1997)

      Internet country code:

      .bh

      Internet hosts:

      2,621 (2008)

      Internet Service Providers (ISPs):

      1 (2000)

      Internet users:

      250,000 (2007)

      Transportation

       Bahrain

      Airports:

      3 (2007)

      Airports - with paved runways:

      total: 3 over 3,047 m: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2007)

      Heliports:

      1 (2007)

      Pipelines:

      gas 20 km; oil 52 km (2007)

      Roadways:

      total: 3,498 km paved: 2,768 km unpaved: 730 km (2003)

      Merchant marine:

      total: 9 by type: bulk carrier 4, container 4, petroleum tanker 1 foreign-owned: 6 (Kuwait 5, UAE 1) (2008)

      Ports and terminals:

      Mina' Salman, Sitrah

      Military

       Bahrain

      Military branches:

      Bahrain Defense Forces (BDF): Ground Force (includes Air Defense),

       Naval Force, Air Force, National Guard

      Military service age and obligation:

      17 years of age for voluntary military service; 15 years of age for NCOs, technicians, and cadets; no conscription (2008)

      Manpower available for military service:

      males age 16–49: 210,938 females age 16–49: 170,471 (2008 est.)

      Manpower fit for military service:

      males age 16–49: 171,536 females age 16–49: 142,714 (2008 est.)

      Manpower reaching militarily significant age annually:

      male: 6,543 female: 6,429 (2008 est.)

      Military expenditures:

      4.5% of GDP (2006)

      Transnational Issues

       Bahrain

      Disputes - international:

      none

      Trafficking