The 2005 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

hazards:

       earthquakes

      Environment - current issues:

       air pollution, particularly in Rust'avi; heavy pollution of Mtkvari

       River and the Black Sea; inadequate supplies of potable water; soil

       pollution from toxic chemicals

      Environment - international agreements:

       party to: Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate

       Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species,

       Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship

       Pollution, Wetlands

       signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements

      Geography - note:

       strategically located east of the Black Sea; Georgia controls much

       of the Caucasus Mountains and the routes through them

      People Georgia

      Population:

       4,677,401 (July 2005 est.)

      Age structure:

       0–14 years: 18% (male 444,779/female 398,162)

       15–64 years: 65.9% (male 1,480,557/female 1,603,743)

       65 years and over: 16% (male 300,859/female 449,301) (2005 est.)

      Median age:

       total: 37.36 years

       male: 34.93 years

       female: 39.7 years (2005 est.)

      Population growth rate:

       −0.35% (2005 est.)

      Birth rate:

       10.25 births/1,000 population (2005 est.)

      Death rate:

       9.09 deaths/1,000 population (2005 est.)

      Net migration rate:

       −4.62 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2005 est.)

      Sex ratio:

       at birth: 1.16 male(s)/female

       under 15 years: 1.12 male(s)/female

       15–64 years: 0.92 male(s)/female

       65 years and over: 0.67 male(s)/female

       total population: 0.91 male(s)/female (2005 est.)

      Infant mortality rate:

       total: 18.59 deaths/1,000 live births

       male: 20.71 deaths/1,000 live births

       female: 16.13 deaths/1,000 live births (2005 est.)

      Life expectancy at birth:

       total population: 75.88 years

       male: 72.59 years

       female: 79.67 years (2005 est.)

      Total fertility rate:

       1.41 children born/woman (2005 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:

       less than 0.1% (2001 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:

       3,000 (2003 est.)

      HIV/AIDS - deaths:

       less than 200 (2003 est.)

      Nationality:

       noun: Georgian(s)

       adjective: Georgian

      Ethnic groups:

       Georgian 83.8%, Azeri 6.5%, Armenian 5.7%, Russian 1.5%, other 2.5%

       (2002 census)

      Religions:

       Orthodox Christian 83.9%, Armenian-Gregorian 3.9%, Catholic 0.8%,

       Muslim 9.9%, other 0.8%, none 0.7% (2002 census)

      Languages:

       Georgian 71% (official), Russian 9%, Armenian 7%, Azeri 6%, other 7%

       note: Abkhaz is the official language in Abkhazia

      Literacy:

       definition: age 15 and over can read and write

       total population: 99%

       male: 100%

       female: 98% (1999 est.)

      Government Georgia

      Country name:

       conventional long form: none

       conventional short form: Georgia

       local long form: none

       local short form: Sak'art'velo

       former: Georgian Soviet Socialist Republic

      Government type:

       republic

      Capital:

       T'bilisi

      Administrative divisions:

       9 regions (mkharebi, singular - mkhare), 9 cities (k'alak'ebi,

       singular - k'alak'i), and 2 autonomous republics (avtomnoy

       respubliki, singular - avtom respublika)

       : regions: Guria, Imereti, Kakheti, Kvemo Kartli, Mtskheta-Mtianeti,

       Racha-Lechkhumi and Kvemo Svaneti, Samegrelo and Zemo Svaneti,

       Samtskhe-Javakheti, Shida Kartli

       : cities: Chiat'ura, Gori, K'ut'aisi, P'ot'i, Rust'avi, T'bilisi,

       Tqibuli, Tsqaltubo, Zugdidi

       : autonomous republics: Abkhazia or Ap'khazet'is Avtonomiuri

       Respublika (Sokhumi), Ajaria or Acharis Avtonomiuri Respublika

       (Bat'umi)

       note: the administrative centers of the 2 autonomous republics are

       shown in parentheses

      Independence:

       9 April 1991 (from Soviet Union)

      National holiday:

       Independence Day, 26 May (1918); note - 26 May 1918 is the date of

       independence from Soviet Russia, 9 April 1991 is the date of

       independence from the Soviet Union

      Constitution:

       adopted 24 August 1995

      Legal system:

       based on civil law system

      Suffrage:

       18 years of age; universal

      Executive branch:

       chief of state: President Mikheil SAAKASHVILI (since 25 January

       2004); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of

       government for the power ministries: state security (includes

       interior) and defense

       head of government: President Mikheil SAAKASHVILI (since 25 January

       2004); Prime Minister Zurab NOGHAIDELI (since 17 February 2005);

       note - the president is the chief of state and head of government

       for the power ministries: state security (includes interior) and

       defense; the prime minister is head of the remaining ministries of

       government

       cabinet: Cabinet of Ministers

       elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term;

       election last held 4 January 2004 (next to be held NA 2009)

       election results: Mikheil SAAKASHVILI elected president; percent of

       vote - Mikheil SAAKASHVILI 96.3%,