The 2005 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

rice, wheat, potatoes, corn, peanuts, tea, millet, barley, apples,

       cotton, oilseed, pork, fish

      Industries:

       mining and ore processing, iron, steel, aluminum, and other metals;

       coal; machine building; armaments; textiles and apparel; petroleum;

       cement; chemicals; fertilizers; consumer products, including

       footwear, toys, and electronics; food processing; transportation

       equipment, including automobiles, rail cars and locomotives, ships,

       and aircraft; telecommunications equipment, commercial space launch

       vehicles and satellites

      Industrial production growth rate:

       17.1% (2004 est.)

      Electricity - production:

       1.91 trillion kWh (2003)

      Electricity - production by source: fossil fuel: 80.2% hydro: 18.5% nuclear: 1.2% other: 0.1% (2001)

      Electricity - consumption:

       1.63 trillion kWh (2003)

      Electricity - exports:

       10.38 billion kWh (2002)

      Electricity - imports:

       2.3 billion kWh (2002)

      Oil - production:

       3.392 million bbl/day (2003 est.)

      Oil - consumption:

       4.956 million bbl/day (2002 est.)

      Oil - exports:

       427,800 bbl/day (2002)

      Oil - imports:

       2.414 million bbl/day (2002)

      Oil - proved reserves:

       17.74 billion bbl (2004 est.)

      Natural gas - production:

       35 billion cu m (2003 est.)

      Natural gas - consumption:

       29.18 billion cu m (2002 est.)

      Natural gas - exports:

       0 cu m (2002 est.)

      Natural gas - imports:

       0 cu m (2002 est.)

      Natural gas - proved reserves:

       2.23 trillion cu m (2004)

      Current account balance:

       $30.32 billion (2004 est.)

      Exports:

       $583.1 billion f.o.b. (2004 est.)

      Exports - commodities:

       machinery and equipment, plastics, optical and medical equipment,

       iron and steel

      Exports - partners:

       US 21.1%, Hong Kong 17%, Japan 12.4%, South Korea 4.7%, Germany 4%

       (2004)

      Imports:

       $552.4 billion f.o.b. (2004 est.)

      Imports - commodities:

       machinery and equipment, oil and mineral fuels, plastics, optical

       and medical equipment, organic chemicals, iron and steel

      Imports - partners:

       Japan 16.8%, Taiwan 11.4%, South Korea 11.1%, US 8%, Germany 5.4%

       (2004)

      Reserves of foreign exchange and gold:

       $609.9 billion (2004 est.)

      Debt - external:

       $233.3 billion (3rd quarter 2004 est.)

      Economic aid - recipient:

       NA

      Currency (code):

       yuan (CNY)

       note:: also referred to as the Renminbi (RMB)

      Currency code:

       CNY

      Exchange rates:

       yuan per US dollar - 8.2768 (2004), 8.277 (2003), 8.277 (2002),

       8.2771 (2001), 8.2785 (2000)

      Fiscal year:

       calendar year

      Communications China

      Telephones - main lines in use:

       263 million (2003)

      Telephones - mobile cellular:

       269 million (2003)

      Telephone system:

       general assessment: domestic and international services are

       increasingly available for private use; unevenly distributed

       domestic system serves principal cities, industrial centers, and

       many towns

       domestic: interprovincial fiber-optic trunk lines and cellular

       telephone systems have been installed; a domestic satellite system

       with 55 earth stations is in place

       international: country code - 86; satellite earth stations - 5

       Intelsat (4 Pacific Ocean and 1 Indian Ocean), 1 Intersputnik

       (Indian Ocean region) and 1 Inmarsat (Pacific and Indian Ocean

       regions); several international fiber-optic links to Japan, South

       Korea, Hong Kong, Russia, and Germany (2000)

      Radio broadcast stations:

       AM 369, FM 259, shortwave 45 (1998)

      Radios:

       417 million (1997)

      Television broadcast stations: 3,240 (of which 209 are operated by China Central Television, 31 are provincial TV stations and nearly 3,000 are local city stations) (1997)

      Televisions:

       400 million (1997)

      Internet country code:

       .cn

      Internet hosts:

       160,421 (2003)

      Internet Service Providers (ISPs):

       3 (2000)

      Internet users:

       94 million (2004)

      Transportation China

      Railways:

       total: 71,898 km

       standard gauge: 71,898 km 1.435-m gauge (18,115 km electrified)

       dual gauge: 23,945 km (multiple track not included in total) (2002)

      Highways:

       total: 1,765,222 km

       paved: 395,410 km (with at least 25,130 km of expressways)

       unpaved: 1,369,812 km (2002 est.)

      Waterways:

       121,557 km (2002)

      Pipelines:

       gas 15,890 km; oil 14,478 km; refined products 3,280 km (2004)

      Ports and harbors:

       Dalian, Guangzhou, Nanjing, Ningbo, Qingdao, Qinhuangdao, Shanghai

      Merchant marine:

       total: 1,649 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 18,724,653 GRT/27,749,784 DWT

       by type: barge carrier 2, bulk carrier 362, cargo 696, chemical

       tanker 38, combination ore/oil 1, container 135, liquefied gas 30,

       passenger 7, passenger/cargo 81, petroleum tanker 246, refrigerated