Fairy and Folk Tales of the Irish Peasantry. Various

the other hand, there is much evidence to prove them fallen angels. Witness the nature of the creatures, their caprice, their way of being good to the good and evil to the evil, having every charm but conscience—consistency. Beings so quickly offended that you must not speak much about them at all, and never call them anything but the "gentry," or else daoine maithe, which in English means good people, yet so easily pleased, they will do their best to keep misfortune away from you, if you leave a little milk for them on the window-sill over night. On the whole, the popular belief tells us most about them, telling us how they fell, and yet were not lost, because their evil was wholly without malice.

      Are they "the gods of the earth?" Perhaps! Many poets, and all mystic and occult writers, in all ages and countries, have declared that behind the visible are chains on chains of conscious beings, who are not of heaven but of the earth, who have no inherent form but change according to their whim, or the mind that sees them. You cannot lift your hand without influencing and being influenced by hoards. The visible world is merely their skin. In dreams we go amongst them, and play with them, and combat with them. They are, perhaps, human souls in the crucible—these creatures of whim.

      Do not think the fairies are always little. Everything is capricious about them, even their size. They seem to take what size or shape pleases them. Their chief occupations are feasting, fighting, and making love, and playing the most beautiful music. They have only one industrious person amongst them, the lepra-caun—the shoemaker. Perhaps they wear their shoes out with dancing. Near the village of Ballisodare is a little woman who lived amongst them seven years. When she came home she had no toes—she had danced them off.

      They have three great festivals in the year—May Eve, Midsummer Eve, November Eve. On May Eve, every seventh year, they fight all round, but mostly on the "Plain-a-Bawn" (wherever that is), for the harvest, for the best ears of grain belong to them. An old man told me he saw them fight once; they tore the thatch off a house in the midst of it all. Had anyone else been near they would merely have seen a great wind whirling everything into the air as it passed. When the wind makes the straws and leaves whirl as it passes, that is the fairies, and the peasantry take off their hats and say, "God bless them."

      On Midsummer Eve, when the bonfires are lighted on every hill in honour of St. John, the fairies are at their gayest, and sometime steal away beautiful mortals to be their brides.

       On November Eve they are at their gloomiest, for, according to the old Gaelic reckoning, this is the first night of winter. This night they dance with the ghosts, and the pooka is abroad, and witches make their spells, and girls set a table with food in the name of the devil, that the fetch of their future lover may come through the window and eat of the food. After November Eve the blackberries are no longer wholesome, for the pooka has spoiled them.

      When they are angry they paralyse men and cattle with their fairy darts.

      When they are gay they sing. Many a poor girl has heard them, and pined away and died, for love of that singing. Plenty of the old beautiful tunes of Ireland are only their music, caught up by eavesdroppers. No wise peasant would hum "The Pretty Girl milking the Cow" near a fairy rath, for they are jealous, and do not like to hear their songs on clumsy mortal lips. Carolan, the last of the Irish bards, slept on a rath, and ever after the fairy tunes ran in his head, and made him the great man he was.

      Do they die? Blake saw a fairy's funeral; but in Ireland we say they are immortal.

THE FAIRIES.

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WILLIAM ALLINGHAM.

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      Up the airy mountain,

       Down the rushy glen,

       We daren't go a-hunting

       For fear of little men;

       Wee folk, good folk,

       Trooping all together;

       Green jacket, red cap,

       And white owl's feather!

       Down along the rocky shore

       Some make their home,

       They live on crispy pancakes

       Of yellow tide-foam;

       Some in the reeds

       Of the black mountain lake,

       With frogs for their watch-dogs

       All night awake.

      High on the hill-top

       The old King sits;

       He is now so old and gray

       He's nigh lost his wits.

       With a bridge of white mist

       Columbkill he crosses,

       On his stately journeys

       From Slieveleague to Rosses;

       Or going up with music

       On cold starry nights,

       To sup with the Queen

       Of the gay Northern Lights.

      They stole little Bridget

       For seven years long;

       When she came down again

       Her friends were all gone.

       They took her lightly back,

       Between the night and morrow,

       They thought that she was fast asleep,

       But she was dead with sorrow.

       They have kept her ever since

       Deep within the lake,

       On a bed of flag-leaves,

       Watching till she wake.

      By the craggy hill-side,

       Through the mosses bare,

       They have planted thorn-trees

       For pleasure here and there.

       Is any man so daring

       As dig them up in spite,

       He shall find their sharpest thorns

       In his bed at night.

      Up the airy mountain,

       Down the rushy glen,

       We daren't go a-hunting

       For fear of little men;

       Wee folk, good folk,

       Trooping all together;

       Green jacket, red cap,

       And white owl's feather!

FRANK MARTIN AND THE FAIRIES.

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WILLIAM CARLETON.

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      Martin was a thin pale man, when I saw him, of a sickly look, and a constitution naturally feeble. His hair was a light auburn, his beard mostly unshaven, and his hands of a singular delicacy and whiteness, owing, I dare say, as much to the soft and easy nature of his employment as to his infirm health. In everything else he was as sensible, sober, and rational as any other man; but on the topic of fairies, the man's mania was peculiarly strong and immovable. Indeed, I remember that the expression of his eyes was singularly wild and hollow, and his long narrow temples sallow and emaciated.

      Now, this man did not lead