The 1999 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

1999), 3,744.4 (1998), 2,946.3 (1997), 2,624.1 (1996), 2,450.8 (1995), 2,545.3 (1994)

      Fiscal year: calendar year

      Communications

      Telephones: 7,000 (1981 est.)

      Telephone system: adequate landline and/or cellular service in

       Phnom Penh and other provincial cities; rural areas have little

       telephone service

       domestic: NA

       international: adequate but expensive landline and cellular service

       available to all countries from Phnom Penh and major provincial

       cities; satellite earth station—1 Intersputnik (Indian Ocean Region)

      Radio broadcast stations: AM 7, FM 3, shortwave 3 (1998)

      Radios: NA

      Television broadcast stations: 1 government-operated station and four commercial stations broadcasting to Phnom Penh and major provincial cities via relay (1998)

      Televisions: 800,000 (1996 est.)

      Transportation

      Railways: total: 603 km narrow gauge: 603 km 1.000-m gauge

      Highways: total: 35,769 km paved: 4,165 km unpaved: 31,604 km (1997 est.)

      Waterways: 3,700 km navigable all year to craft drawing 0.6 m;

       282 km navigable to craft drawing 1.8 m

      Ports and harbors: Kampong Saom (Sihanoukville), Kampot, Krong

       Kaoh Kong, Phnom Penh

      Merchant marine:

       total: 141 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 598,867 GRT/841,240 DWT

       ships by type: barge carrier 1, bulk 16, cargo 108, container 4,

       livestock carrier 2, multifunctional large-load carrier 1, oil

       tankers 1, refrigerated cargo 4, roll-on/roll-off cargo 4

       note: a flag of convenience registry; includes ships of 8 countries:

       Aruba 1, Cyprus 7, Egypt 1, South Korea 1, Malta 1, Panama 1, Russia

       5, Singapore 1 (1998 est.)

      Airports: 20 (1998 est.)

      Airports—with paved runways:

       total: 7

       2,438 to 3,047 m: 2

       1,524 to 2,437 m: 2

       914 to 1,523 m: 3 (1998 est.)

      Airports—with unpaved runways: total: 13 1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 914 to 1,523 m: 10 (1998 est.)

      Heliports: 3 (1998 est.)

      Military

      Military branches: Royal Cambodian Armed Forces (RCAF)—created in 1993 by the merger of the Cambodian People's Armed Forces and the two noncommunist resistance armies note: there are also resistance forces comprised of the Khmer Rouge (also known as the National United Army or NUA) and a separate royalist resistance movement

      Military manpower—military age: 18 years of age

      Military manpower—availability:

       males age 15–49: 2,562,112 (1999 est.)

      Military manpower—fit for military service:

       males age 15–49: 1,428,523 (1999 est.)

      Military manpower—reaching military age annually:

       males: 119,839 (1999 est.)

      Military expenditures—dollar figure: $85.3 million (1998)

      Military expenditures—percent of GDP: 2.4% (1998)

      Transnational Issues

      Disputes—international: offshore islands and sections of the boundary with Vietnam are in dispute; maritime boundary with Vietnam not defined; parts of border with Thailand are indefinite; maritime boundary with Thailand not clearly defined

      Illicit drugs: transshipment site for Golden Triangle heroin; possible money laundering; narcotics-related corruption reportedly involving some in the government, military, and police; possible small-scale opium, heroin, and amphetamine production; large producer of cannabis for the international market

      ======================================================================

      @Cameroon————

      Geography

      Location: Western Africa, bordering the Bight of Biafra, between

       Equatorial Guinea and Nigeria

      Geographic coordinates: 6 00 N, 12 00 E

      Map references: Africa

      Area:

       total: 475,440 sq km

       land: 469,440 sq km

       water: 6,000 sq km

      Area—comparative: slightly larger than California

      Land boundaries:

       total: 4,591 km

       border countries: Central African Republic 797 km, Chad 1,094 km,

       Republic of the Congo 523 km, Equatorial Guinea 189 km, Gabon 298

       km, Nigeria 1,690 km

      Coastline: 402 km

      Maritime claims:

       territorial sea: 50 nm

      Climate: varies with terrain, from tropical along coast to

       semiarid and hot in north

      Terrain: diverse, with coastal plain in southwest, dissected

       plateau in center, mountains in west, plains in north

      Elevation extremes:

       lowest point: Atlantic Ocean 0 m

       highest point: Fako 4,095 m

      Natural resources: petroleum, bauxite, iron ore, timber,

       hydropower

      Land use:

       arable land: 13%

       permanent crops: 2%

       permanent pastures: 4%

       forests and woodland: 78%

       other: 3% (1993 est.)

      Irrigated land: 210 sq km (1993 est.)

      Natural hazards: recent volcanic activity with release of

       poisonous gases

      Environment—current issues: water-borne diseases are prevalent;

       deforestation; overgrazing; desertification; poaching; overfishing

      Environment—international agreements:

       party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered

       Species, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Tropical Timber 83,

       Tropical Timber 94

       signed, but not ratified: Nuclear Test Ban

      Geography—note: sometimes referred to as the hinge of Africa

      People

      Population: 15,456,092 (July 1999 est.)

      Age structure:

       0–14 years: 46% (male 3,562,553; female 3,528,778)

       15–64 years: 51% (male 3,907,946; female 3,943,035)

       65 years and over: 3% (male 231,521; female 282,259) (1999 est.)

      Population growth rate: 2.79% (1999 est.)

      Birth rate: 41.84 births/1,000 population (1999 est.)

      Death rate: 13.95 deaths/1,000 population (1999 est.)

      Net