The 1999 CIA World Factbook. United States. Central Intelligence Agency

borders, the country is divided into a joint Muslim/Croat Federation (about 51% of the territory) and the Bosnian Serb-led Republika Herzegovina is contiguous to Croatia and traditionally has been settled by an ethnic Croat majority

      People

      Population: 3,482,495 (July 1999 est.)

       note: all data dealing with population is subject to considerable

       error because of the dislocations caused by military action and

       ethnic cleansing

      Age structure:

       0–14 years: 17% (male 310,430; female 294,298)

       15–64 years: 71% (male 1,221,791; female 1,240,097)

       65 years and over: 12% (male 166,876; female 249,003) (1999 est.)

      Population growth rate: 3.2% (1999 est.)

      Birth rate: 9.36 births/1,000 population (1999 est.)

      Death rate: 10.81 deaths/1,000 population (1999 est.)

      Net migration rate: 33.42 migrant(s)/1,000 population (1999 est.)

      Sex ratio:

       at birth: 1.07 male(s)/female

       under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female

       15–64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female

       65 years and over: 0.67 male(s)/female

       total population: 0.95 male(s)/female (1999 est.)

      Infant mortality rate: 24.52 deaths/1,000 live births (1999 est.)

      Life expectancy at birth: total population: 66.98 years male: 62.55 years female: 71.71 years (1999 est.)

      Total fertility rate: 1.21 children born/woman (1999 est.)

      Nationality: noun: Bosnian(s), Herzegovinian(s) adjective: Bosnian, Herzegovinian

      Ethnic groups: Serb 40%, Muslim 38%, Croat 22% (est.); note—the

       Croats claim they now make up only 17% of the total population

      Religions: Muslim 40%, Orthodox 31%, Catholic 15%, Protestant 4%,

       other 10%

      Languages: Croatian, Serbian, Bosnian

      Literacy: NA

      Government

      Country name:

       conventional long form: none

       conventional short form: Bosnia and Herzegovina

       local long form: none

       local short form: Bosna i Hercegovina

      Data code: BK

      Government type: emerging democracy

      Capital: Sarajevo

      Administrative divisions: there are two first-order

       administrative divisions—the Muslim/Croat Federation of Bosnia and

       Herzegovina (Federacija Bosna i Hercegovina) and the Bosnian

       Serb-led Republika Srpska; note—the status of Brcko in north eastern

       Bosnia is to be determined by arbitration

      Independence: NA April 1992 (from Yugoslavia)

      National holiday: Republika Srpska—"Republic Day," 9 January;

       Independence Day, 1 March; Federation of Bosnia and

       Herzegovina—"Republic Day," 25 November

      Constitution: the Dayton Agreement, signed 14 December 1995,

       included a new constitution now in force

      Legal system: based on civil law system

      Suffrage: 16 years of age, if employed; 18 years of age, universal

      Executive branch:

       chief of state: Chairman of the Presidency Zivko RADISIC (since 13

       October 1998—Serb); other members of the three-member rotating

       (every 8 months) presidency: Ante JELAVIC (since NA September

       1998—Croat) and Alija IZETBEGOVIC (since 14 March 1996—Muslim)

       head of government: Cochairman of the Council of Ministers Haris

       SILAJDZIC (since NA January 1997); Cochairman of the Council of

       Ministers Suetozar MIHAJLOVIC (since 3 February 1999)

       cabinet: Council of Ministers nominated by the council chairmen

       note: President of the Muslim/Croat Federation of Bosnia and

       Herzegovina: Ivo ANDRIC-LUZANIC (since 1 January 1999); Vice

       President is Ejup GANIC; note—president and vice president rotate

       every 3 months; President of the Republika Srpska: Nikola POPLASEN

       (since 29 October 1998)

       elections: the three-person presidency members (one Muslim, one

       Croat, one Serb) are elected by popular vote for a four-year term;

       the president with the most votes becomes the chairman unless he was

       the incumbent chairman at the time of the election; election last

       held 12–13 September 1998 (next to be held September 2002); the

       cochairmen of the Council of Ministers are appointed by the

       presidency

       election results: percent of vote—Zivko RADISIC with 52% of the Serb

       vote was elected chairman of the collective presidency for the first

       8 months; Ante JELAVIC with 52% of the Croat vote will follow

       RADISIC in the rotation; Alija IZEBEGOVIC with 87% of the Muslim

       vote won the highest number of votes in the election but was

       ineligible to serve consecutive terms as chairman

      Legislative branch: bicameral Parliamentary Assembly or Skupstina

       consists of the National House of Representatives or Vijece Opcina

       (42 seats—14 Serb, 14 Croat, and 14 Muslim; members elected by

       popular vote to serve two-year terms) and the House of Peoples or

       Vijece Gradanstvo (15 seats—5 Muslim, 5 Croat, 5 Serb; members

       elected by the Muslim/Croat Federation's House of Representatives

       and the Republika Srpska's National Assembly to serve two-year terms)

       elections: National House of Representatives—elections last held

       12–13 September 1998 (next to be held in the fall 2000); House of

       Peoples—last held NA (next to be held NA)

       election results: National House of Representatives—percent of vote

       by party/coalition—NA; seats by party/coalition—KCD 17, HDZ-BiH 6,

       SDP 4, Sloga 4, SDS 4, SDBIH 2, SRS-RS 2, DNZ 1, NHI 1, RSRS 1;

       House of Peoples—percent of vote by party/coalition—NA; seats by

       party/coalition—NA

       note: the Muslim/Croat Federation has a House of Representatives

       (140 seats; members elected by popular vote to serve NA year terms);

       elections last held NA (next to be held NA); percent of vote by

       party—NA; seats by party/coalition—KCD 68, HDZ-BiH 28, SDP 19, SDBIH

       6, NHI 4, DNZ 3, DSP 2, BPS 2, HSP 2, SPRS 2, BSP 1, KC 1, BOSS 1,

       HSS 1; the Republika Srpska has a National Assembly (83 seats;

       members elected by popular vote to serve NA year terms); elections