Gastroenterological Endoscopy. Группа авторов

       Basic Instrumentation

       Sedation

       Colonoscope

       Accessories

       Technique

       Scope Insertion

       Scope Withdrawal

       Polypectomy

       Complications

       Quality Measures

       References

       16 Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography

       Christine Boumitri, Nikhil A. Kumta, and Michel Kahaleh

       Introduction

       Overview of Procedure

       General Diagnostic Techniques

       Biliary Cannulation

       Sphincter of Oddi Manometry

       General Therapeutic Techniques

       Biliary Sphincterotomy

       Endoscopic Papillary Balloon Dilation

       Stone Extraction

       Biliary Stenting

       Accessory Devices and Techniques

       Endoscopes

       Equipment

       Accepted Indications

       Procedure-Specific Quality Measures

       Procedure-Specific Training Requirements

       Procedure-Specific Complications

       References

       17 Cholangioscopy

       David Lee, Juliana Yang, and Ali A. Siddiqui

       Introduction

       Overview of Cholangioscopy

       General Diagnostic Techniques

       Two-Operator Systems: Mother-Baby Scopes

       Single-Operator System: SpyGlass Cholangiopancreatoscopy

       Direct Cholangioscopy

       Accessory Devices and Techniques

       Confocal Microscopy

       Lithotripsy Probes

       Intraductal Biopsy Forceps

       Accepted Indications

       Evaluation of Indeterminate and Malignant Biliary Strictures

       Diagnosis and Management of Choledocholithiasis

       Photodynamic Therapy of Cholangiocarcinoma

       Complications of Cholangioscopy

       References

       18 Advanced Imaging Methods

       Ralf Kiesslich and Arthur Hoffma

       Introduction

       High-Definition Endoscopes

       Virtual Chromoendoscopy

       Narrow-Band Imaging

       Flexible Spectral Imaging Color Enhancement

       i-Scan and Optical Enhancement

       Clinical Application of Virtual Chromoendoscopy

       Chromoendoscopy

       Clinical Application