The Gospel of Buddha, Compiled from Ancient Records. Paul Carus

as in eye. au as ow in how. ñ as ny. jñ as dny. ññ as n-ny. ch as ch in church. cch as ch-ch in rich chance.

      Note that o and e are always long.

      s, j, y, and other letters, as usual in English words.

      Double consonants are pronounced as two distinct sounds, e.g., ka'm-ma, not kă'ma.

      The h after p, b, k, g, t, d is audible as in dub him, beg her, brick house, ant hill. Pronounce Tat-hāgata, not Ta-thāgata.

      To the average European it is difficult to catch, let alone to imitate, the difference of sound between dotted and non-dotted letters. All those who are desirous for information on this point must consult Sanskrit and Pāli grammars.

      Lest the reader be unnecessarily bewildered with foreign-looking dots and signs, which after all are no help to him, all dotted ṭ, ḍ, ṃ, ṇ, and italicized t, d, m, n have been replaced in the text of the book by t, d, m, n, ñ, ññ, dotted ṛ and italicized s have been transcribed by ny, nny, ri, and sh, while the Glossary preserves the more exact transcription.

      We did not follow the spelling of the Sacred Books of the East, where it must be misleading to the uninitiated, especially when they write italicized K to denote spelling of the English sound ch, and italicized g to denote j. Thus we write "rājā," not "rāgā," and "Chunda," not "Kunda."

      TABLE OF CONTENTS. Preface Pronunciation INTRODUCTION. I. Rejoice II. Samsāra and Nirvāna III. Truth the Saviour PRINCE SIDDHATTHA BECOMES BUDDHA. IV. The Bodhisatta's Birth V. The Ties of Life VI. The Three Woes VII. The Bodhisatta's Renunciation VIII. King Bimbisāra IX. The Bodhisatta's Search X. Uruvelā, the Place of Mortification XI. Māra, the Evil One XII. Enlightenment XIII. The First Converts XIV. Brahmā's Request THE FOUNDATION OF THE KINGDOM OF RIGHTEOUSNESS. XV. Upaka XVI. The Sermon at Benares XVII. The Sangha XVIII. Yasa, the Youth of Benares XIX. Kassapa XX. The Sermon at Rājagaha XXI. The King's Gift XXII. Sāriputta and Moggallāna XXIII. Anāthapindika XXIV. The Sermon on Charity XXV. Jetavana XXVI. The Three Characteristics and the Uncreate XXVII. The Buddha's Father XXVIII. Yasodharā XXIX. Rāhula CONSOLIDATION OF THE BUDDHA'S RELIGION. XXX. Jīvaka, the Physician XXXI. The Buddha's Parents Attain Nirvāna XXXII. Women Admitted to the Sangha XXXIII. The Bhikkhus' Conduct Toward Women XXXIV. Visākhā XXXV. The Uposatha and Pātimokkha XXXVI. The Schism XXXVII. The Re-establishment of Concord XXXVIII. The Bhikkhus Rebuked XXXIX. Devadatta XL. Name and Form XLI. The Goal XLII. Miracles Forbidden XLIII. The Vanity of Worldliness XLIV. Secrecy and Publicity XLV. The Annihilation of Suffering XLVI. Avoiding the Ten Evils XLVII. The Preacher's Mission THE TEACHER. XLVIII. The Dhammapada XLIX. The Two Brahmans L. Guard the Six Quarters LI. Simha's Question Concerning Annihilation LII. All Existence is Spiritual LIII. Identity and Non-Identity LIV. The Buddha Omnipresent LV. One Essence, One Law, One Aim LVI. The Lesson Given to Rāhula LVII. The Sermon on Abuse LVIII. The Buddha Replies to the Deva LIX. Words of Instruction LX. Amitābha LXI. The Teacher Unknown PARABLES AND STORIES. LXII. Parables LXIII.