Product Maturity 1. Franck Bayle

Figure 2.5. Dependability in quality risk managment. For a color version of this...Figure 2.6. The relationship between product quality and dependabilityFigure 2.7. Managing the operational and non-operational. For a color version of...Figure 2.8. Dependability in quality risk management. For a color version of thi...Figure 2.9. Dependability. For a color version of this figure, see www.iste.co.u...Figure 2.10. Product operation stage. For a color version of this figure, see ww...Figure 2.11. Maturity building and confirmation process. For a color version of ...Figure 2.12. PDCA. For a color version of this figure, see www.iste.co.uk/bayle/...Figure 2.13. Process and product risk. For a color version of this figure, see w...Figure 2.14. Tests during the manufacturing stage. For a color version of this f...Figure 2.15. Confirmation of maturity. For a color version of this figure, see w...

      3 Chapter 3Figure 3.1. Power derating according to the temperature of a CMS resistorFigure 3.2. Power derating for a Vishay CMS resistor under single pulse stateFigure 3.3. Power derating for a Vishay CMS resistor under repetitive pulsesFigure 3.4. Voltage derating for a Vishay CMS resistorFigure 3.5. Lifetime of an MLCC (multilayer ceramic capacitor) as a function of ...Figure 3.6. Temperature derating of voltage across a tantalum capacitorFigure 3.7. Temperature derating of the power dissipated by a tantalum capacitorFigure 3.8. Example of electrolytic capacitorFigure 3.9. Acceptable maximum peak power in a Tranzorb diodeFigure 3.10. Temperature derating of the steady-state dissipated powerFigure 3.11. Temperature derating of the dissipated pulse powerFigure 3.12. Power derating of a power MOSFETFigure 3.13. Compromise between reliability and overdesign. For a color version ...Figure 3.14. Illustration of derating rules. For a color version of this figure,...Figure 3.15. Derating rate depending on activation energy. For a color version o...Figure 3.16. Acceleration factor depending on the derated temperature. For a col...

      4 Chapter 4Figure 4.1. Overview diagram of an integrated circuit. For a color version of th...Figure 4.2. Example of components with limited service life according to FIDES g...Figure 4.3. Number of cycles depending on the thermal amplitude of the power tra...Figure 4.4. Service life in hours for photocouplers according to the RDF 2000. F...Figure 4.5. Service life of switches or push buttons according to the RDF 2000Figure 4.6. Service life of connectors according to RDF 2000Figure 4.7. Example of potential limited service life of interrupters and switch...Figure 4.8. Service life of batteries according to FIDESFigure 4.9. Comparison of the models of service life of an electrolytic capacito...Figure 4.10. Equivalence between the two models of service life of an electrolyt...Figure 4.11. Example of the maximal number of insertions/disinsertions for a con...Figure 4.12. Example of relay service lifeFigure 4.13. Illustration of optocoupler CTRFigure 4.14. Dispersion of optocoupler CTRFigure 4.15. Example of service life data of an optocouplerFigure 4.16. Example of the service life of an optocouplerFigure 4.17. Service life of lithium batteries (MDI). For a color version of thi...Figure 4.18. Trimmer illustration. For a color version of this figure, see www.i...Figure 4.19. Illustration of a rotary potentiometer

      5 Chapter 5Figure 5.1. Diagram of a resistive bridgeFigure 5.2. Example of quadratic analysisFigure 5.3. Estimation of the standard deviation of the normal law for Monte-Car...Figure 5.4. Comparison between thermal simulation and measurement. For a color v...Figure 5.5. MOSFET in Dpak package

      6 Chapter 6Figure 6.1. Illustration of the principle of aggravated tests. For a color versi...Figure 6.2. Influence of aggravated tests on product reliabilityFigure 6.3. Examples of extrinsic decision criteria for conducting aggravated te...Figure 6.4. Examples of intrinsic decision criteria for conducting aggravated te...Figure 6.5. Comparison of the influence of physical contributions for aggravated...Figure 6.6. Principle of HALT tests. For a color version of this figure, see www...Figure 6.7. Finding the low temperature operational limitFigure 6.8. Finding the high temperature operational limitFigure 6.9. Finding the vibration operational limitFigure 6.10. Finding the operational limit for combined thermal cycling/vibratio...Figure 6.11. Links between margins and aggravated tests. For a color version of ...

      7 Chapter 7Figure 7.1. Burn-in test effect on product reliabilityFigure 7.2. HALT/HASS testing principleFigure 7.3. Characteristics of POS1 testsFigure 7.4. Comparison between service life and putting into service duration on...Figure 7.5. Overview diagram of the POS2 testFigure 7.6. Probability to detect at least one failure influenced by QFigure 7.7. Probability to detect at least one failure influenced by pFigure 7.8. Example of cost optimization taking burn-in into accountFigure 7.9. Example of burn-in cycle according to HALT/HASS methodFigure 7.10. Illustration of the stages of the HALT/HASS method. For a color ver...Figure 7.11. Overview diagram of decision-makingFigure 7.12. Lower bound of the number of defective productsFigure 7.13. Possible scenarios for the distribution of products with or without...Figure 7.14. Cost of manufacturing process depending on timeFigure 7.15. Cost of manufacturing process depending on time – example 1Figure 7.16. Cost of the manufacturing process depending on time – example 2Figure 7.17. Cost of manufacturing process depending on time – example 3

      8 Chapter 8Figure 8.1. Run-in of a car engine. For a color version of this figure, see www....Figure 8.2. Example of concave degradationFigure 8.3. Drift after 100 hours stabilizationFigure 8.4. Run-in principle. For a color version of this figure, see www.iste.c...Figure 8.5. Example of degradation with two different levels of physical contrib...Figure 8.6. Descending level of physical contribution. For a color version of th...Figure 8.7. Illustration of Sedyakin’s principle for a descending level. For a c...Figure 8.8. Example of the effect of temperature for the drift of a performance....Figure 8.9. Principle of the choice of the drift modelFigure 8.10. Power law drift with temperature change. For a color version of thi...Figure 8.11. Power law drift with change of temperature with optimum stabilizati...Figure 8.12. Illustration of the prediction interval of a linear regression

      Tables

      1 Chapter 3Table 3.1. Power dissipated by each type of resistorTable 3.2. Voltage depending on the type of resistorTable 3.3. Summary of derating rules according to the literatureTable 3.4. Activation energy for various types of componentsTable 3.5. Temperature derating rateTable 3.6. Summary of derating rules

      2 Chapter 4Table 4.1. List of components with limited service lifeTable 4.2. Service life of batteries according to the FIDES guideTable 4.3. Endurance parameter of a wet electrolytic capacitorTable 4.4. Black model for optocouplersTable 4.5. Service life of batteries according to MDPITable 4.6. Service life of lithium batteries according to MDPITable 4.7. Service life of various types of fans (TITAN)Table 4.8. Activation energy of fans according to FIDESTable 4.9. Service life of a flash memoryTable 4.10. Example of limited service life of a trimmerTable 4.11. Example of limited service life of a rotary potentiometerTable 4.12. Aging specifications of a quartz oscillatorTable 4.13. Aging parameters of a voltage referenceTable 4.14. Summary of components assumed to have limited service life

      3 Chapter 5Table 5.1. Example of simulation for the uniform law (on the left) and for the n...

      4 Chapter 7Table 7.1. Processing of the results of POS1 tests. For a color version of this ...Table 7.2. Example of life profile for POS1 testTable 7.3. Possible scenarios during POS2 testing. For a color version of this t...

      5 Chapter 8Table 8.1. Example of calculation of equivalent temperature

      Guide

      1  Cover

      2  Table of Contents

      3  Title Page

      4