Soft-Switching Technology for Three-phase Power Electronics Converters. Rui Li

3.22 Stage 11 [t₁₀, t₁₁]: PWM duration with state

.Figure 3.23 Stage 12 [t₁₁, t₁₂]: Type 1 commutation.Figure 3.24 Stage 13 [t₁₂, t₁₃]: PWM duration with state

.Figure 3.25 Circuit of the first resonant stage: (a) circuit state; (b) equi...Figure 3.26 The circuit of the second resonant stage: (a) circuit state; (b)...Figure 3.27 Midpoint voltages of three‐phase active‐clamping converter with ...Figure 3.28 Phase‐a modulation signal at DPWM: (a) m_a = 0.9; (b)

.Figure 3.29 Typical three‐phase modulation signals of DPWM.Figure 3.30

at θ=0.Figure 3.31

at θ = −π/3 and θ = π/3.Figure 3.32

at θ = π.Figure 3.33

at θ = 2π/3 and θ = 4π/3.Figure 3.34 ZVS range of CAC converter: (a) with CPWM; (b) with DPWM.Figure 3.35 ZVS range of MVAC converter: (a) with CPWM; (b) with DPWM.Figure 3.36 Control diagram of three‐phase ZVS CAC converter.Figure 3.37 Typical waveforms of gate drive signals.Figure 3.38 Three‐phase converter with CAC auxiliary circuit.Figure 3.39 Grid voltages and grid currents waveforms of unit power factor h...Figure 3.40 SVM hexagon with 12 sectors.Figure 3.41 Composition of the reference vector in sector 1‐1.Figure 3.42 Vectors available in sector 1‐1. (a) Nonzero vector

:state 100....Figure 3.43 Type 2 commutations between vectors in sector 1‐1.Figure 3.44 Converter state changing roadmap for vector sequence:

.Figure 3.45 Waveforms of three‐phase switch bridge state, auxiliary switch s...Figure 3.46 Active clamped three‐phase converters: (a) with CAC; (b) with MV...

      4 Chapter 4Figure 4.1 Circuit topology of the CAC rectifier.Figure 4.2 Vector representation in complex plane with αβ coordina...Figure 4.3 Topology of the three‐phase converter.Figure 4.4 Sectors and voltage vectors in space complex plane.Figure 4.5 Two kinds of space vector sequences. (a) Symmetrical voltage vect...Figure 4.6 Switching commutation process of a leg in three‐phase rectifier. ...Figure 4.7 Driving logic and key waveforms of a leg in three‐phase converter...Figure 4.8 The voltage and current waveforms in a utility cycle.Figure 4.9 Sectors in space vector diagram.Figure 4.10 The dendrogram analysis of switching commutation sequences betwe...Figure 4.11 Three kinds of space vector sequences with one Type 2 commutatio...Figure 4.12 Switching state of the CAC circuit: (a) S₇'s on‐state; (b) S₇'s ...Figure 4.13 Switch commutation processes of CAC rectifier in sector 1‐1. (a)...Figure 4.14 Key waveforms in sector 1‐1.Figure 4.15 Driving logic and key waveforms in sector 1‐1.Figure 4.16 Equivalent circuit of stage 1: the initial stage.Figure 4.17 Equivalent circuit of stage 2: the first resonance stage.Figure 4.18 Equivalent circuit of stage 3: the freewheeling stage.Figure 4.19 Equivalent circuit of stage 4: the second resonance stage.Figure 4.20 Equivalent circuit of stage 5: the second steady stage.Figure 4.21 Equivalent circuit of stage 6: the Type 1 commutation stage.Figure 4.22 Equivalent circuit of stage 7: the third steady stage.Figure 4.23 Equivalent circuit of stage 8: the Type 1 commutation stage.Figure 4.24 Resonance circuit and its equivalent circuit of stage 2 (t₁–t₂):...Figure 4.25 Equivalent circuit of stage 4 (t₃–t₄): (a) circuit state of the ...Figure 4.26 Gate signal derivation in sector 1‐1.Figure 4.27 Control block diagram of the rectifier.Figure 4.28 Topology of the CAC rectifier.Figure 4.29 λ ₇ versus Z_r.Figure 4.30 i _res /I_m versus resonant impedance Z_r.Figure 4.31 Resonant impedance Z_r versus resonant parameters.Figure 4.32 CM200DU‐24NFH IGBT turn‐off loss under ZVS conditions.Figure 4.33 Recommended resonant parameters area.Figure 4.34 The 40 kW ZVS rectifier prototype.Figure 4.35 Bus bar and structure 40 kW ZVS rectifier prototype.Figure 4.36 Output current and grid voltageFigure 4.37 Voltage and current waveforms of the bridge switch.Figure 4.38 Voltage and current waveforms of the bridge switch’s antiparalle...Figure 4.39 Voltage and current waveforms of the auxiliary switch.Figure 4.40 Voltage across C_cl and current through L_r.Figure 4.41 Voltage and current waveforms of the bridge switch S₁ in a line ...Figure 4.42 Measured efficiency.

      5 Chapter 5Figure 5.1 Circuit topology of the MVAC rectifier.Figure 5.2 Vector representation in complex plane with αβ coordina...Figure 5.3 Topology of the three‐phase converter.Figure 5.4 Sectors and voltage vectors in space complex plane.Figure 5.5 The voltage and current waveforms in a utility cycle.Figure 5.6 Sectors in space vector diagram.Figure 5.7 Three‐phase main bridges’ equivalent circuits of four vectors in ...Figure 5.8 The dendrogram analysis of switching commutation sequences betwee...Figure 5.9 The space vector sequence with one Type 2 commutation process. (a...Figure 5.10 Switching state of the MVAC circuit.Figure 5.11 Driving logic and key waveforms in Sector 1‐1.Figure 5.12 Equivalent circuit of stage 1: the initial stage.Figure 5.13 Equivalent circuit of stage 2: the first resonance stage.Figure 5.14 Equivalent circuit of stage 3: the freewheeling stage.Figure 5.15 Equivalent circuit of stage 4: the short‐circuit stage.Figure 5.16 Equivalent circuit of stage 5: the second resonance stage.Figure 5.17 Equivalent circuit of stage 6: the second steady stage.Figure 5.18 Equivalent circuit of stage 7: the Type 1 commutation stage.Figure 5.19 Equivalent circuit of stage 8: the third steady stage.Figure 5.20 Equivalent circuit of stage 9: the Type 1 commutation stage.Figure 5.21 Resonance circuit and its equivalent circuit of stage 2 (t₁–t₂)....Figure 5.22 Equivalent circuit of stage 4 (t₄–t₅). (a) Circuit state of the ...Figure 5.23 Short‐circuit duration (t₄ − t₃) vs. P₀.Figure 5.24 Driving logic waveform in sector 1‐1.Figure 5.25 The short‐circuit mode 1.Figure 5.26 The short‐circuit switches’ current. (a) Sector 1‐1. (b) Sector ...Figure 5.27 The short‐circuit mode 2.Figure 5.28 The short‐circuit switches’ current. (a) Sector 1‐1. (b) Sector ...Figure 5.29 The short‐circuit mode 3.Figure 5.30 The short‐circuit switches’ current.Figure 5.31 Control block diagram of the rectifier.Figure 5.32 Topology of the MVAC rectifier.Figure 5.33 The short‐circuit current i_x vs. Zr.Figure 5.34 L _r versus Z_r.Figure 5.35 CM200DU‐24NFH IGBT turn‐off loss under ZVS conditions.Figure 5.36 Recommended resonant parameters area.Figure 5.37 30 kW ZVS rectifier prototype.Figure 5.38 Bus bar and structure 30 kW ZVS rectifier prototype.Figure 5.39 Output current and grid voltage.Figure 5.40 The driving signal of main switches S₁ and S_4. (a) Time: 2.5 ms/...Figure 5.41 v _c1 and i_S1 (time 5 μs/div).Figure 5.42 v _c1 and i_S1 (time 5 μs/div).Figure 5.43 v _c7 and i_S7 (time 10 μs/div).Figure 5.44 Current flowing L_r (i_Lr) and voltage across C_cl (V_cl). (a) Time:...Figure 5.45 Measured efficiency.

      6 Chapter 6Figure 6.1 Topology of MVAC ZVS three‐phase inverter.Figure 6.2 Vector representation in complex plane with αβ coordina...Figure