The proceedings collect invited and contributed papers from more than 150 scientists and engineers worldwide which provide an up-to-date overview of the current research on friction and wear, including new systematic approaches as well as innovative technical solutions.
This practical book combines recent progress with a discussion of the general aspects of catalyst preparation. The first part deals with the basic principles of solid catalyst preparation, explaining the main aspects of sol-gel chemistry and interfacial chemistry, followed by such techniques as co-precipitation and immobilization. New tools for catalyst preparation research, including microspectroscopy and high-throughput experimentation, are also taken into account. The second part heightens the practical relevance by providing six case studies on such topics as the preparation of zeolites, hydrotreating catalysts, methanol catalysts and gold catalysts
The first encompassing treatise of this new, but very important field puts the known physical limitations for classic 2D electronics into perspective with the requirements for further electronics developments and market necessities. This two-volume handbook presents 3D solutions to the feature density problem, addressing all important issues, such as wafer processing, die bonding, packaging technology, and thermal aspects. It begins with an introductory part, which defines necessary goals, existing issues and relates 3D integration to the semiconductor roadmap of the industry. Before going on to cover processing technology and 3D structure fabrication strategies in detail. This is followed by fields of application and a look at the future of 3D integration. The contributions come from key players in the field, from both academia and industry, including such companies as Lincoln Labs, Fraunhofer, RPI, ASET, IMEC, CEA-LETI, IBM, and Renesas.
Reflecting the dramatic rise in interest shown in this field over the last few years, this book collates the widespread knowledge into one handy volume. It covers in depth all classes of ionic liquids thus far in existence, with the individual chapters written by internationally recognized experts. The text is written to suit several levels of difficulty, containing information on basic physical chemistry in ionic liquids, a theory on the conductivity as well as plating protocols suited to undergraduate courses. The whole is rounded off with an appendix providing experimental procedures to enable readers to experiment with ionic liquids for themselves.
Providing the unique and vital link between the worlds of electrochemistry and nanomaterials, this reference and handbook covers advances in electrochemistry through the nanoscale control of electrode structures, as well as advances in nanotechnology through electrochemical synthesis strategies. It demonstrates how electrochemical methods are of great scientific and commercial interest due to their low cost and high efficiency, and includes the synthesis of nanowires, nanoparticles, nanoporous and layered nanomaterials of various compositions, as well as their applications – ranging from superior electrode materials to energy storage, biosensors, and electroanalytical devices.
'Sensors' is the first self-contained series to deal with the whole area of sensors. It describes general aspects, technical and physical fundamentals, construction, function, applications and developments of the various types of sensors. This is the second of two volumes focusing on chemical and biochemical sensors. It includes a detailed description of biosensors which often make use of transducer properties of the basic sensors and usually have additional biological components. This volume provides a unique overview of the applications, the possibilities and limitations of sensors in comparison with conventional instrumentation in analytical chemistry. Specific facettes of applications are presented by specialists from different fields including environmental, biotechnological, medical, or chemical process control. This book is an indispensable reference work for both specialits and newcomers, researchers and developers.
Who killed Napoleon? Were the witches of Salem high on LSD? What do maggots on a body tell us about the time of death? In his unique, engaging style, Brian Kaye tells the story of some spectacular cases in which forensic evidence played a key role. You'll also read about the fascinating ways in which scientific evidence can be used to establish guilt or innocence in today's courtroom. The use of voice analysis, methods for developing fingerprints and for uncovering art forgeries, and the examination of bullet wounds are just a few topics considered. In a special section on fraud, the author takes you into the world of counterfeit money. There's no solving crime without science. Written for everyone interested in whodunnits, this book explains the basis of the analytical techniques available for studying evidence in offenses ranging from doping in sports to first-degree murder.
Batteries find their applications in an increasing range of every-day products: discmen, mobile phones and electric cars need very different battery types. This handbook gives a concise survey about the materials used in modern battery technology. The physico-chemical fundamentals are as well treated as are the environmental and recycling aspects. It will be a profound reference source for anyone working in the research and development of new battery systems, regardless if chemist, physicist or engineer.
Die Mikrosystemtechnik (MST) stellt bereits heute einen wichtigen wirtschaftlichen Faktor fur zahlreiche Industrieunternehmen dar. Mit der MST verbinden sich sehr gro?e Erwartungen, da? auch die nahe Zukunft ma?gebliche Innovationen, neue Technologien und vor allem darauf basierende, neue kommerzielle Produkte hervorbringen wird. Ausgehend von kombinierten elektronischen, mechanischen oder chemischen Mikrokomponenten wie Elektronik, Sensoren, Aktoren, autarken Energieversorgungen sind Anwendungen denkbar in Produktion, Kommunikation, Datenverarbeitung, Kraftfahrzeugtechnik, Medizin und Weltraumforschung bis hin zu kompletten miniaturisierten chemischen Produktionsanlagen, autarken, mobilen und selbsttatigen Analysesystemen, Miniatursatelliten, Mensch-Maschine-Schnittstellen oder eine umweltfreundliche Einweg-Mikrosystemtechnik auf der Basis von Polymeren. Wohin genau aber soll die Forschung und Entwicklung gehen? Mit welcher Art Produkt konnen die aufgewandten Geldmittel gerechtfertigt werden? Wo genau liegen die zu erschlie?enden Wachstumsmarkte? Wie konnen Forschungsinstitutionen, Unternehmen und Projekttrager erfolgreich sein und in der globalen Wirtschaft konkurrieren? Nur zielstrebige, uberlegte F & E Strategien garantieren das Uberleben von Unternehmen und die Technologiefuhrerschaft unter den Nationen. Von ganz wesentlicher Bedeutung ist daher die moglichst zuverlassige Beantwortung der Frage, in welche Richtungen sich die MST entwickeln wird, und mit welchen Technologien und Produkten kommerzielle Erfolge erzielt werden konnen. Dieses Buch widmet sich ausfuhrlich diesem Thema, und liefert mit der Auswertung der bisher gro?ten und detailliertesten Studie zur MST unverzichtbare Informationen fur Forschung, Industrie, Investoren und Berater zugleich, die alle fur die Zukunft der MST eine wichtige Rolle spielen. Dabei werden zehn wichtige Zukunftsfelder mit modernsten mathematischen und statistischen Auswertungsverfahren identifiziert, herausgearbeitet und fur die Leser klar dargestellt.
Written by outstanding experts in the colloids field, this book deals with the recent developments in the synthesis, modification, utilization and application of colloids. The types covered range from metal nanoparticles through to inorganic particles and polymer latexes. Strategies for their modification to impart new properties will be outlined and ordered assemblies derived from colloid particles and some applications for colloids are shown. A multidisciplinary audience spread throughout academia and industry alike will certainly appreciate this first concise collection of knowledge in book form for this topic.