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2 Remote Sensing of Evapotranspiration for Global Drought Monitoring

       Xiwu Zhan1, Li Fang1,2, Jifu Yin1,2, Mitchell Schull1,2, Jicheng Liu1,2, Christopher Hain3, Martha Anderson4, William Kustas4, and Satya Kalluri5

       1 NOAA NESDIS Center for Satellite Applications and Research, College Park, Maryland, USA

       2 UMD‐CISESS Cooperative Institute for Satellite Earth System Studies, College Park, Maryland, USA

       3 NASA Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, Alabama, USA

       4 Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, Beltsville, Maryland, USA

       5 Raytheon, Upper Marlboro, Maryland, USA

      ABSTRACT

      Evapotranspiration (ET) is one of the main components of the hydrological or water cycle. The latent heat from evapotranspiration is also one of the most important components of the energy cycle because it is the largest energy source for the atmosphere and thus is significant for weather and climate formation. Local scale evapotranspiration is mostly observed with ground instruments such as a lysimeter, Bowen ratio, or eddy covariance tower. Regional scale evapotranspiration is estimated