THE AMERICAN REVOLUTION (Complete Edition In 2 Volumes). Fiske John

Destruction of Tarleton’s force

       Brilliant movements of Morgan and Greene

       Greene leads Cornwallis a chase across North Carolina

       Further manœuvres

       Battle of Guilford, March 15

       Retreat of Cornwallis

       He abandons the Carolinas, and marches into Virginia

       Greene’s master-stroke; he returns to South Carolina, April 6-18

       And, by taking Fort Watson, cuts Lord Rawdon’s communications, April 23

       Rawdon defeats Greene at Hobkirk’s Hill, April 25

       All the inland posts taken from the British, May-June

       Rawdon goes to England

       Greene marches against the British, Aug. 22

       Battle of Eutaw Springs, Sept. 8

       Greene’s superb generalship

       Lord Cornwallis arrives at Petersburg, May 20, 1781

       His campaign against Lafayette

       Cornwallis retreats to the coast

       And occupies Yorktown

       Elements of the final catastrophe; arrival of the French fleet

       News from Grasse and Lafayette

       Subtle and audacious scheme of Washington

       He transfers his army to Virginia, Aug. 19-Sept. 18

       Movements of the fleets

       Cornwallis surrounded at Yorktown

       Clinton’s attempt at a counterstroke

       Arnold’s proceedings at New London, Sept. 6

       Surrender of Cornwallis, Oct. 19, 1781

       Importance of the aid rendered by the French fleet and army

       Effect of the news in England

       Difficult position of Great Britain

       Rodney’s victory over Grasse, April 12, 1782

       FOOTNOTES

      VOLUME I

       Table of Contents

      CHAPTER I

       THE BEGINNINGS

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      During the seventy years which elapsed between the overthrow of the Stuart dynasty and the victory of Wolfe on the Heights of Abraham, the relations between the American colonies and the British government were, on the whole, peaceful; and the history of the colonies, except for the great and romantic struggle with New France, would have been almost destitute of striking incidents. In view of the perpetual menace from France, it was clearly unwise for the British government to irritate the colonies, or do anything to weaken their loyalty; and they were accordingly left very much to themselves. Still, they were not likely to be treated with any great liberality,—for such was not then, as it is hardly even yet, the way of governments,—and if their attachment to England still continued strong, it was in spite of the general demeanour of the mother-country.

The Lords of Trade

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      Since 1675 the general supervision of the colonies had been in the hands of a standing committee of the Privy Council, styled the “Lords of the Committee of Trade and Plantations,” and familiarly known as the “Lords of Trade.” To this board the governors sent frequent and full reports of the proceedings in the colonial legislatures, of the state of agriculture and trade, of the revenues of the colonies, and of the way in which the public money was spent. In private letters, too, the governors poured forth their complaints into the ears of the Lords of Trade, and these complaints were many and loud. Except in Pennsylvania and Maryland, which were like hereditary monarchies, and in Connecticut and Rhode Island, where the governors were elected by the people, the colonial governors were now invariably appointed by the Crown. In most cases they were inclined to take high views regarding the royal prerogative, and in nearly all cases they were unable to understand the political attitude of the colonists, who on the one hand gloried in their connection with England, and on the other hand, precisely because they were Englishmen, were unwilling to yield on any occasion whatsoever one jot or tittle of their ancient liberties. Moreover, through the ubiquity of the popular assemblies and the directness of their control over the administration of public affairs, the political life of America was both really and ostensibly freer than that of England was at that time; and the ancient liberties of Englishmen, if not better preserved, were at least more conspicuously asserted. As a natural consequence, the royal governors were continually trying to do things which the people would not let them do, they were in a chronic state of angry warfare with their assemblies, and they were incessant in their complaints to the Lords of Trade. They represented the Americans