History of Atchison County, Kansas. Sheffield Ingalls

and lost seventy-seven killed and 333 wounded. The rebel forces were estimated to be 5,300 infantry, fifteen pieces of artillery, and 6,000 horsemen, with a loss of 265 killed, 721 wounded, and 292 missing. The Union forces numbered about 5,000, with a loss of about 1,000. It was one of the fiercest and most determined battles of the Civil war, and both officers and privates in the companies from Atchison displayed great bravery. First Lieut. Camille Aguiel was among the killed, and privates Henry W. Totten and Casper Broggs, together with Corporal William F. Parker, of Atchison, also lost their lives in this engagement.

      The Seventh regiment Kansas cavalry was ordered into active service immediately following its organization. Colonel Daniel R. Anthony, of Leavenworth, was a lieutenant-colonel of this regiment, and among the line officers was William S. Morehouse, of Atchison, who was second lieutenant. This regiment saw a great deal of active service in the Civil war, and was first attacked by the rebels November 11, 1861, while encamped in western Missouri, on the Little Blue river. Following a furious battle the regiment lost nine of its force by death and thirty-two wounded. This regiment subsequently participated in an engagement at Little Santa Fe and at Independence. In January, 1862, the Seventh regiment went into camp at Humboldt, Kan., and remained there until it was ordered to Lawrence in the following March, and subsequently was ordered to Corinth, Miss., and from thence to Rienzi, Miss., where it was assigned to the First Cavalry brigade, of which Phillip H. Sheridan was commander, and subsequently saw much service in Tennessee and other points in the South, and participated in the various actions that occurred during General Smith’s expedition to the Tallahatchee, after which the balance of their active service took place in Missouri. It was mustered out at Ft. Leavenworth September 4, 1865.

      The Eighth regiment Kansas infantry was perhaps closer to the hearts of the people of Atchison county than any other regiment that participated in the Civil war, for the reason that its lieutenant-colonel was the beloved John A. Martin, editor of the Atchison Champion, and subsequently governor of Kansas. It was originally recruited and intended for home and frontier service. The fear of invasion, both by hostile Indians on the west, and the rebels on the south and east, kept fear alive in the hearts of many residents of Kansas, and for this purpose it was deemed desirable to have a regiment of volunteer soldiers close at hand. As originally organized, this regiment consisted of six infantry and two cavalry companies, but various changes were made during the three months following its organization. It saw active service throughout the South, and participated in many of the important battles of the Civil war, but in none did it play a more conspicuous part than in the great battle of Mission Ridge. The following is from Colonel Martin’s official report of the part taken by the Eighth Kansas in this engagement:

      “Shortly after noon, on the twenty-fifth (November), we were ordered to advance on the enemy’s position at the foot of Mission Ridge, and moved out of our works, forming in the second line of the battle. We at once advanced steadily in line through the woods and across the open field in front of the enemy’s entrenchments to the foot of the hill, subjected during the whole time to a heavy artillery fire from the enemy’s batteries, and as soon as we reached the open field, to a destructive musketry fire. Reaching the first line of works we halted to rest our men for a few moments, and then advanced through a terrible storm of artillery and musketry, to the foot of the hill and up it as rapidly as possible. The crest of the ridge at the point where we moved up was formed like a horseshoe. We advanced in the interior, while the enemy’s batteries and infantry on the right and left, as well as in the center, poured upon us a most terrific fire. But the men never faltered or wavered, although from the nature of the ground, regiments were mingled one with another, and company organization could not possibly be preserved. Each man struggled to be first on top, and the officers and men of the regiment, without a single exception, exhibited the highest courage and the most devoted gallantry in this fearful charge.

      “The enemy held their ground until we were less than a dozen yards from their breastworks, when they broke in wild confusion and fled in panic down the hill on the opposite side. A portion of our men pursued them for nearly a mile, capturing and hauling back several pieces of artillery and caissons, which the enemy were trying to run off.

      “We occupied the summit of Mission Ridge until the night of the twenty-sixth, when we were ordered to return to camp at Chattanooga.

      “Our loss was one commissioned officer wounded and three enlisted men killed and thirty-one wounded. The regiment went into the battle with an aggregate force of 217 men and officers.

      “Where all behaved with such conspicuous courage, it is difficult to make distinction, but I cannot forebear mentioning my adjutant-lieutenant, Sol. R. Washer. Wounded at Chicakamauga, and not yet recovered from the effects of his wound, and suffering from a severe sprain of the ankle, which prevented his walking, he mounted his horse and rode through the whole battle, always foremost in danger.”

      The Eighth infantry remained in camp at Chattanooga until it removed to the relief of Burnside at Knoxville, which city was reached on December 7. About the same time Sherman’s corps arrived. The winter of 1863 was spent in east Tennessee, and in the following February arrived home in Atchison and Ft. Leavenworth. There was great rejoicing and celebration and both officers and soldiers were greeted with waving banners, ringing bells, booming cannon, and there was much feasting and speech making. The regiment was home on a furlough, and early in April the men re-assembled at Leavenworth and on the twelfth of that month was ordered to report back to Chattanooga, where it subsequently saw service in the Cumberland mountains, and throughout the State of Tennessee.

      Colonel Martin was mustered out at Pulaski November 17, his term of enlistment having expired, and the following day he left for the North, but the regiment was not mustered out of service until the following January.

      The Tenth regiment, Kansas infantry, was made up of the Third and Fourth and a small portion of the Fifth Kansas regiments, and among its officers were Mathew Quigg, captain of Company D; Seth M. Tucker, first lieutenant, and David Whittaker, second lieutenant, all of Atchison. The activities of this regiment were largely confined to operations in Missouri and Arkansas, and afterwards in Tennessee. In December, 1864, it arrived at Clinton, Miss., without tents or blankets, and many of the men without shoes or overcoats. During January it made an expedition into Mississippi, and the latter part of that month marched to Waterloss, Ala., remaining there until February 8, when it embarked for Vicksburg, where it remained until February 19, and subsequently operated around Mobile, and the men of this regiment were employed as skirmishers in the joint advance upon the fortifications around Mobile. It was mustered out at Montgomery, Ala., September 20, 1865, and finally discharged at Ft. Leavenworth, Kan. The regiment was mostly composed of veterans, who understood the life of a soldier, and realized the hardships of military campaigns. They did their duty, whether it was in guarding their own State from invasion, or assaulting the rebels at the siege of Ft. Blakely.

      The Thirteenth regiment, Kansas infantry, had more officers in it from Atchison than any of the regiments that participated in the Civil war. It was raised under President Lincoln’s call of July, 1862, and was recruited by Cyrus Leland, Sr., of Troy, Kan., by virtue of authority from James H. Lane, in the counties of Brown, Atchison, Doniphan, Marshall and Nemaha. The regiment was organized September 10, 1862, at Camp Staunton, Atchison, and mustered into the service ten days later. Colonel of this regiment was Thomas M. Bowen, of Marysville, and the major was Caleb A. Woodworth, of Atchison. Among the line officers from Atchison were: Henry Havenkorst, captain of Company B; August Langehemeken, second lieutenant; Henry R. Neal, captain; Robert Manville, second lieutenant; John E. Hayes, captain, Company F; Archimedes S. Speck, first lieutenant; William J. May, second lieutenant; Patrick McNamara, captain, Company K; Daniel C. O’Keefe, first lieutenant; Hugh Dougherty, second lieutenant.

      The regiment joined a division of General Blunt soon after the battle of Old Ft. Wayne, and participated in various engagements in Arkansas. At the battle of Prairie Grove, it was one of the first regiments to be engaged, and in every attempt to capture the battery of which this regiment formed the support at this battle, was successfully repulsed, with heavy losses to the rebels. This battle virtually finished the campaign for the winter. It subsequently did garrison and out-post duty in Arkansas, and in the Cherokee Nation. The regiment remained on duty at Ft. Smith, Ark., until March 3, 1865, when it was ordered