Studies in the Psychology of Sex (Vol. 1-6). Havelock Ellis

[9] See Moll, Untersuchungen über die Libido Sexualis, 1898, Bd. i, pp. 369, 374–5. For a summary of facts concerning homosexuality in animals see F. Karsch, "Päderastie und Tribadie bei den Tieren auf Grund der Literatur," Jahrbuch für sexuelle Zwischenstufen, Bd. ii, 1899, pp. 126–154

[10] Muccioli, "Degenerazione e Criminalità nei Colombi," Archivio di Psichiatria, 1893, p. 40.

[11] L'Intermédiare des Biologistes, November 20, 1897.

[12] R. I. Pocock, Field, 25 Oct., 1913.

[13] R. S. Rutherford, "Crowing Hens," Poultry, January 26, 1896.

[14]

      This has now been very thoroughly done by Prof. F. Karsch-Haack in a large book, Das Gleichgeschlechtliche Leben der Naturvölker, 1911. An earlier and shorter study by the same author was published in the Jahrbuch für sexuelle Zwischenstufen, Bd. iii, 1901.

[15] See a brief and rather inconclusive treatment of the question by Bruns Meissner, "Assyriologische Studien," iv, Mitteilungen der Vorderasiatischen Gesellschaft, 1907.

[16] Monatshefte für praktische Dermatologie, Bd. xxix, 1899, p. 409.

[17] Hirschfeld, Die Homosexualität, p. 739.

[18] Beardmore also notes that sodomy is "regularly indulged in" in New Guinea on this account. (Journal of the Anthropological Institute, May, 1890, p. 464.)

[19] I have been told by medical men in India that it is specially common among the Sikhs, the finest soldier-race in India.

[20] Foley, Bulletin Société d'Anthropologie de Paris, October 9, 1879.

[21] See, e.g., O. Kiefer, "Plato's Stellung zu Homosexualität," Jahrbuch für sexuelle Zwischenstufen, vol. vii.

[22] Bethe, op. cit., p. 440. In old Japan (before the revolution of 1868) also, however, according to F. S. Krauss (Das Geschlechtsleben der Japaner, ch. xiii, 1911), the homosexual relations between knights and their pages resembled those of ancient Greece.

[23] Archiv für Kriminal-Anthropologie, 1906, p. 106.

[24] Zeitschrift für Sexualwissenschaft, 1914, Heft 2, p. 73.

[25] Among the Sarts of Turkestan a class of well-trained and educated homosexual prostitutes, resembling those found in China and many regions of northern Asia, bearing also the same name of batsha, are said to be especially common because fostered by the scarcity of women through polygamy and by the women's ignorance and coarseness. The institution of the batsha is supposed to have come to Turkestan from Persia. (Herman, "Die Päderastie bei den Sarten," Sexual-Probleme, June, 1911.) This would seem to suggest that Persia may have been a general center of diffusions of this kind of refined homosexuality in northern Asia.

[26] Morache, art. "Chine," Dictionnaire Encyclopédique des Sciences Médicales; Matignon, "La Péderastie en Chine," Archives d'Anthropologie Criminelle, Jan., 1899; Von der Choven, summarized in Archives de Neurologie, March, 1907; Scié-Ton-Fa, "L'Homosexualité en Chine," Revue de l'Hypnotisme, April, 1909.

[27] Moeurs des Peuples de l'Inde, 1825, vol. i, part ii, ch. xii. In Lahore and Lucknow, as quoted by Burton, Daville describes "men dressed as women, with flowing locks under crowns of flowers, imitating the feminine walk and gestures, voice and fashion of speech, ogling their admirer with all the coquetry of bayaderes."

[28] Voyages and Travels, 1814, part ii, p. 47.

[29] A. Lisiansky, Voyage, etc., London, 1814, p. 1899.

[30] Ethnographische Skizzen, 1855, p. 121.

[31] C. F. P. von Martius, Zur Ethnographie Amerika's, Leipzig, 1867, Bd. i, p. 74. In Ancient Mexico Bernal Diaz wrote: Erant quasi omnes sodomia commaculati, et adolescentes multi, muliebriter vestiti, ibant publice, cibum quarentes ab isto diabolico et abominabili labore.

[32] Hammond, Sexual Impotence, pp. 163–174.

[33] New York Medical Journal, Dec. 7, 1889.

[34] J. Turnbull, "A Voyage Round the World in the Year 1800," etc., 1813, p. 382.

[35] Annales d'Hygiène et de Médecine Coloniale, 1899, p. 494.

[36] Oskar Baumann, "Conträre Sexual-Erscheinungen bei die Neger-Bevölkerung Zanzibars," Zeitschrift für Ethnologie, 1899, Heft 6, p. 668.

[37] Rev. J. H. Weeks, Journal Anthropological Institute, 1909, p. 449. I am informed by a medical correspondent in the United States that inversion is extremely prevalent among American negroes. "I have good reason to believe," he writes, "that it is far more prevalent among them than among the white people of any nation. If inversion is to be regarded as a penalty of 'civilization' this is remarkable. Perhaps, however, the Negro, relatively to his capacity, is more highly civilized than we are; at any rate his civilization has been thrust upon him, and not acquired through the long throes of evolution. Colored inverts desire white men as a rule, but are not averse to men of their own race. I believe that 10 per cent, of Negroes in the United States are sexually inverted."

[38] Among the Papuans of German New Guinea, where the women have great power, marriage