4. Potential Breeding Problems
Breeding Records
Silent Heats
Conformation Influences
Female Breeding Failures
Male Refusal or Inability to Breed
Pre-breeding Evaluation
History and Examination
5. Breeding Process
Introducing the Mates
The Breeding Act
The Tie
Assisted Breeding
Post-breeding Examination
Artificial Insemination (A.I.)
6. Pregnancy
Duration of Pregnancy
Whelping Date Estimation
Embryonic and Fetal Activity
Early Pregnancy Determination
Fetal Resorption and Abortion
Hormonal Changes
Blood Cell Changes
Physical and Attitude Changes
Exercise
Nesting
False Pregnancy (Pseudocyesis or Pseudopregnancy) 66 Kenneled Bitches
Pregnancy Nutrition
Drugs During Pregnancy
Pregnancy Termination
Pyometra
7. Whelping
Too Much Help
Predicting Whelping Time
Imminent Whelping Signs
Body Temperature
Stage I Labor
Stage II Labor
Preparation for Whelping
Nesting and Whelping Box
Whelping Supplies
The Delivery
When to Call for Help
8. Dystocia (Difficult Birth)
Interruption of Labor
Maternal Causes for Dystocia
Fetal Dystocia
How to Recognize and Assist Dystocias
When Whelping Is Finished
Environmental Temperatures
9. Cesarean Section
Who Is Qualified to Perform a Cesarean?
Risk Factors
Anesthesia
When to Perform a Cesarean
Surgical Technique
Assisting with a Cesarean
Release from the Hospital
Aftercare