The Rheology Handbook. Thomas Mezger

Bars showing a circular cross section 10.7.3 Composite materials 10.8 Special measuring devices 10.8.1 Special measuring conditions which influence rheology 10.8.2 Rheo-optical measuring devices 10.8.3 Other special measuring devices 10.8.4 Other kinds of testings besides shear tests 10.9 References

      12  11 Instruments 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Short overview: methods for testing viscosity and elasticity 11.2.1 Very simple determinations 11.2.2 Flow on a horizontal plane 11.2.3 Spreading or slump on a horizontal plane after lifting a container 11.2.4 Flow on an inclined plane 11.2.5 Flow on a vertical plane or over a special tool 11.2.6 Flow in a channel, trough or bowl 11.2.7 Flow cups and other pressureless capillary viscometers 11.2.8 Devices showing rising, sinking, falling and rolling elements 11.2.9 Penetrometers, consistometers and texture analyzers 11.2.10 Pressurized cylinder and capillary devices 11.2.11 Simple rotational viscometer tests 11.2.12 Devices with vibrating or oscillating elements 11.2.13 Rotational and oscillatory curemeters (for rubber testing) 11.2.14 Tension testers 11.2.15 Compression testers 11.2.16 Linear shear testers 11.2.17 Bending or flexure testers 11.2.18 Torsion testers 11.3 Flow cups 11.3.1 ISO cups 11.3.2 Other types of flow cups 11.4 Capillary viscometers 11.4.1 Glass capillary viscometers 11.4.2 Pressurized capillary viscometers 11.5 Falling-ball viscometers 11.6 Stabinger viscometer 11.7 Rotational and oscillatory rheometers 11.7.1 Rheometer set-ups 11.7.2 Control loops 11.7.3 Devices to measure torques 11.7.4 Devices to measure deflection angles and rotational speeds 11.7.5 Bearings 11.7.6 Temperature control systems 11.8 References

      13  12 Guideline for rheological tests 12.1 Selection of the measuring system (geometry) 12.2 Rotational tests 12.2.1 Flow and viscosity curves 12.2.2 Time-dependent flow behavior (rotation) 12.2.3 Step tests (rotation): structural decomposition and regeneration (thixotropy) 12.2.4 Temperature-dependent flow behavior (rotation) 12.3 Oscillatory tests 12.3.1 Amplitude sweeps 12.3.2 Frequency sweeps 12.3.3 Time-dependent viscoelastic behavior (oscillation) 12.3.4 Step tests (oscillation): structural decomposition and regeneration (thixotropy) 12.3.5 Temperature-dependent viscoelastic behavior(oscillation) 12.4 Selection of the test type 12.4.1 Behavior at rest 12.4.2 Flow behavior 12.4.3 Structural decomposition and regeneration (thixotropic behavior, e. g. of coatings) 12.5 References

      14  13 Shear tests with powders and bulk solids 13.1 Introduction 13.1.1 Classification of bulk solids according to their fluidizability 13.1.2 Influences on the flow behavior of powder 13.2 Shear test of highly compacted, consolidated bulk solids 13.2.1 Pre-compaction of the bulk solid 13.2.2 Pre-shear of the bulk solid 13.2.3 Shear-to-failure of the bulk solid 13.2.4 Further pre-shear and shear-to-failure cycles 13.2.5 The Mohr´s circles 13.2.6 Further tests with shear cells 13.3 Shear test of slightly