Small Animal Surgical Emergencies. Группа авторов

       Tracheostomy tube (multiple sizes)

       3‐0 nylon suture material

       Stay suture labels

       Small gelpi retractor

       Tracheal hook retractor or Senn retractors

       Tracheal tube holder set or umbilical tape

       Sterile gloves

       Sterile drape

Figure 2.18 Tape straps are placed behind the patient's canine teeth to allow the mouth to hang open for visualization of the soft palate and laryngeal saccules.

Box 2.11 Instrumentation Recommended for Arytenoid Cartilage Lateralization

       Routine soft tissue instrument set

       Bipolar cautery

       Senn retractors

       Gelpi retractor

       2‐0 Prolene, RB‐1, 17 mm taper double armed

Box 2.12 Instruments for a Lateral Thoracotomy

       Routine soft tissue instrument set

       Sterile suction tubing

       Suction canister

       Monopolar and bipolar cautery

       Finochietto rib retractor (Figure 2.19)

       Stapling equipment (Figures 2.3 and 2.20, Table 2.1)

       Bipolar vessel sealing device (LigaSure®; Figure 2.4)

       Hemoclips, Ligaclips, or Surgiclips (Figure 2.5)

       Vetspon absorbable hemostatic gelatin sponge (gel foam)

       Oxidized regenerated cellulose (Surgicel)

       Equipment necessary for chest tube placement (Figure 2.21)

       Suture material for thoracotomy closure

Figure 2.19 Finochietto rib retractors, which are supplied in multiple sizes ranging from small to extra large.

Figure 2.20 Use of a TA30 stapling device for a lung lobectomy.

      Pericardiectomy

The pericardium can be accessed via a lateral thoracotomy or a median sternotomy. The surgical approach will depend on the cause of the pericardial effusion. If a median sternotomy is being performed, a V‐trough, sandbags, and leg positioners will be helpful in proper positioning. Sterile tongue depressors can be used to aide in protection of vital heart structures while performing the pericardiectomy. Once the pericardium has been entered, the tongue depressor is applied between the epicardium and the cautery tip to prevent injury. Instruments recommended for either a lateral thoracotomy or median sternotomy are listed in Boxes 2.12 and 2.13. Additional instruments recommended for a pericardiectomy are listed in Box 2.15.

Box 2.13 Instrumentation to Perform a Sternotomy

       Sagittal or sternal saw

       0‐polydioxanone sutures for small dogs weighing less than 15 kg and cats

       Sternal wire for dogs > 20 kg (Figure 2.22)

       Wire twister

       Wire cutter

Figure 2.21 Chest tube instrumentation for thoracic cavity evacuation including a fluted round chest tube with trocar (assortment of sizes), 20–60‐cc syringe, three‐way stopcock, and catheter adapter.

Figure 2.22 Sternal thoracotomy instrumentation, including sternal wire with loops and swaged on needle, wire cutters, and wire twister.

Figure 2.23 Parker Kerr retractors.

Box 2.14 Instruments for Pericardiocentesis

       Electrocardiogram

       14–18 g needle or over‐the‐needle catheter, based on the size of the patient

       Sterile gloves

       Three‐way stopcock, extension tubing and a syringe (20–60 ml based on patient size; see Figure 34.3)

Reproductive System

      Cesarean Section

The surgical approach for a cesarean section is a ventral midline celiotomy. The patient is positioned in dorsal recumbency. For very large dogs, the patient can be tilted 10–15 degrees to the side to remove the weight of the gravid uterus from the caudal vena cava. Instruments for cesarean