Introduction to UAV Systems. Mohammad H. Sadraey

18.5 VTOL UAVs 18.6 Mid‐Air Retrieval 18.7 Shipboard Recovery 18.8 Break‐Apart Landing 18.9 Skid and Belly Landing 18.10 Suspended Cables Questions 19 Launch and Recovery Tradeoffs 19.1 UAV Launch Method Tradeoffs 19.2 Recovery Method Tradeoffs 19.3 Overall Conclusions Questions 20 Rotary‐Wing UAVs and Quadcopters 20.1 Overview 20.2 Rotary‐Wing Configurations 20.3 Hybrid UAVs 20.4 Quadcopters Questions

      17  References

      18  Index

      19  End User License Agreement

      List of Tables

      1 Chapter 1Table 1.1 RQ‐4B Global Hawk data and performanceTable 1.2 Reaper data and performance

      2 Chapter 2Table 2.1 Criteria for classification of UAVsTable 2.2 US Air Force tiers Table 2.3 Marine Corps tiersTable 2.4 Army tiers

      3 Chapter 3Table 3.1 Typical Reynolds numbers

      4 Chapter 6Table 6.1 Energy density of some rechargeable batteries

      5 Chapter 7Table 7.1 Reinforcing (skin) materials for sandwich constructionTable 7.2 Resin materialsTable 7.3 Foam materials

      6 Chapter 8Table 8.1 Functions of an MPCSTable 8.2 Functions of an MPCS

      7 Chapter 9Table 9.1 Intellectual levels of autonomous flightTable 9.2 Control elements in three control planes

      8 Chapter 10Table 10.1 Lines or Cycles versus RangeTable 10.2 Single‐frame display search time

      9 Chapter 11Table 11.1 Weapon payloads

      10 Chapter 13Table 13.1 Commonly used frequency bands in communications and data links

      11 Chapter 14Table 14.1 Summary of calculations for Example 14.3Table 14.2 Summary of calculations for Example 14.4Table 14.3 Format for a data‐link budgetTable 14.4 Completed data‐link budget

      12 Chapter 15Table 15.1 Encoding of gray scaleTable 15.2 Recommended data rate reduction techniques for UAV video data

      13 Chapter 16Table 16.1 Hierarchy of data‐link attributes during design tradeoff

      14 Chapter 19Table 19.1 Wheeled takeoff using a runway Table 19.2 Wheeled takeoff using prepared takeoff areas (truck launch) Table 19.3 Pneumatic rail launchers – split‐tube type Table 19.4 Pneumatic rail launchers – air motor type Table 19.5 Hydraulic‐pneumatic rail launchers Table 19.6 RATO launchersTables 19.7 Vertical takeoff (VTOL AV) Table 19.8 Wheel landings using a runway Table 19.9 Skid and belly landings (prepared landing sites) Table 19.10 Vertical‐net systems Table 19.11 Parachute recovery Table 19.12 Parafoil recovery Table 19.13 VTOL – vertical landing Table 19.14 Mid‐air retrieval Tables 19.15 Break‐apart landing Table 19.16 Suspended cables

      15 Chapter 20Table 20.1 General characteristics of a quadcopter

      List of Illustrations

      1 Chapter 1Figure 1.1 Generic UAV systemFigure 1.2 Mission planning and control station for a long‐range UAVFigure 1.3 Aquila air vehicleFigure 1.4 Global HawkFigure 1.5 General Atomics MQ‐9 ReaperLeft: A British MQ‐9A Reaper operati...

      2 Chapter 2Figure 2.1 The Kratos XQ‐58 ValkyrieFigure 2.2 Very small UAVsFigure 2.3 Small UAVsFigure 2.4 Boeing‐Insitu ScanEagleFigure 2.5 Medium UAVsFigure 2.6 Large UAVsFigure 2.7 Switchblade UAV

      3 Chapter 3Figure 3.1 Forces on an air vehicle during a level flightFigure 3.2 Aerodynamic lift, drag, and pitching momentFigure 3.3 Airfoil geometric parametersFigure 3.4 Infinite span wingFigure 3.5 NACA 23021 airfoil profileFigure 3.6 NACA 23021 airfoil coefficients versus angle of attackFigure 3.7 NACA 23021 airfoil coefficients versus lift coefficientFigure 3.8 Pressure distribution for an airfoil sectionFigure 3.9 Northrop Grumman X‐47B UCAVFigure 3.10 Net pressure distribution over an airfoilFigure 3.11 Spanwise pressure distribution around a 3d wingFigure 3.12 DownwashFigure 3.13 Airplane drag polarFigure 3.14 Elliptical lift distributionFigure