The Law of Fundraising. Bruce R. Hopkins

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Название The Law of Fundraising
Автор произведения Bruce R. Hopkins
Жанр Экономика
Серия
Издательство Экономика
Год выпуска 0
isbn 9781119873457



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3.22 Unified Registration

        § 3.23 Other Laws

        § 3.24 Prospect of Law Changes

      These laws are often intricate. In addition to their complexity, there is a considerable absence of uniformity, although the states are making some progress toward uniform reporting. This combination of intricacy and nonconformity makes this a body of law with which it is difficult to comply, particularly in the case of a charitable organization that has a multistate fundraising program—a problem aggravated by a disparity in regulations, rules, and forms. There are, nonetheless, some relatively common features of these laws.

      About 47 states have a form of statutory regulation of charitable fundraising occurring within their jurisdiction. More than 30 states have adopted what may be termed comprehensive charitable solicitation acts. The remaining states (including the District of Columbia) have elected to regulate fundraising for charitable purposes by means of differing approaches.

      The various state charitable solicitation acts are, to substantially understate the situation, diverse. The content of these laws is so disparate that any implication that it is possible to neatly generalize about their assorted terms, requirements, limitations, exceptions, and prohibitions would be misleading. Of even greater variance are the requirements imposed by the many regulations, rules, and forms promulgated to accompany and amplify the state statutes. Nonetheless, some basic commonalities can be found in the comprehensive charitable solicitation acts.

      The fundamental features of many of these fundraising regulation laws are a series of definitions, registration or similar requirements for charitable organizations, annual reporting requirements for charitable organizations, exemption of certain charitable organizations from all or a portion of the statutory requirements, registration and reporting requirements for professional fundraisers, registration and reporting requirements for professional solicitors, requirements with respect to the conduct of charitable sales promotions, record-keeping and public information requirements, requirements regarding the contents of contracts involving fundraising charitable organizations, disclosure requirements, a range of prohibited acts, registered agent requirements, rules pertaining to reciprocal agreements, investigatory and injunctive authority vested in enforcement officials, civil and criminal penalties, and other sanctions.

      Many of the states' charitable solicitation acts contain a glossary of the important terms used in these laws.

      In general, the law of charity emanates from the English common-law treatment of the term, derived largely from the law pertaining to trusts and property. The meaning of the term charitable under the law of the United States has been—and continues to be—developed largely through interpretations, by the courts and the IRS, of the meaning of the term for purposes of the federal tax exemption and the federal income, estate, and gift tax deductions. State law evolves in a similar fashion, although the term charitable is, as noted, more expansive when used for purposes of the states' charitable solicitation acts.