Natural History Collections in the Science of the 21st Century. Группа авторов

      Figure 4.14. (a) Location of Calliphoridae dipteran puparia on the mummy’s face (white arrows). (b) Hatched puparium of Compsomyiops cf. arequipensis, lateral view. (c) Idem, caudal view, posterior respiratory stigmata (center) circled by tubercles (integumentary sensory papillae). Photos © J.B. Huchet

4.5. Conclusion

Among archeological human remains, mummies constitute an exceptional legacy, which allow us to examine the corpses of disappeared populations. Beyond the emotion that this proximity can generate in the observer, mummies represent true archives in which a great quantity of information, relative to the way of life, to the cultural and funereal practices of ancient populations, is registered. Rare and fragile, they require the development of the least invasive procedures possible. In this context, medical imagery proves to be a great asset, as it gives access to the internal anatomy of the body, organs and skeleton without affecting its integrity. This data, which substantially builds upon surface observations, constitutes, moreover, a real iconographic and conservative stake. Finally, it opens up the prospect of additional reasoned analyses, backed up by solidly supported hypotheses. For mummies, as for all the anthropological heritage collections of the Muséum, particular attention is paid to research aiming at taking a fraction of organic remains (skin, bone, tooth, hair, insects, parasites), however small. Exploratory analyses such as those carried out on the Chachapoya mummy MNHN-HA-30187 make it possible to envisage an optimal scientific framework for future paleo-genetic and isotopic analyses by ensuring that relevant questions are asked. It will be necessary in the long run that the results be put into perspective by means of meta-analysis, so that the studies do not become anecdotal and deliver a coherent synthesis of the Muséum’s collection of mummies. It is important to encourage, in the continuation of the GDR, a national network of specialists in this field, and that this network can acquire international visibility.

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