Прочая образовательная литература
Различные книги в жанре Прочая образовательная литератураDie Vielfalt des Lebens. Wie hoch, wie komplex, warum?
Seit der Konvention der Vereinten Nationen im Jahre 1992 zum Schutz der biologischen Vielfalt – dem sog. Rio-Abkommen – ist „Biodiversität“ weltweit zu einem Begriff für ein hohes Gut der Menschheit geworden, das es zu bewahren gilt. Inzwischen ist klar geworden, dass (fast) alles, was in einem Ökosystem abläuft, von seinen Organismen bewerkstelligt wird, und dass die Vielfalt dieser Organismengemeinschaften die Leistungen und die Stabilität der Landund Meeresökosysteme bedingt. Viele dieser Leistungen nutzt der Mensch, ohne sie könnte er nicht leben. Von uns oft nicht bemerkt, wirkt die Biodiversität unaufhörlich in unser tägliches Leben hinein. Dieses Lesebuch, geschrieben von Wissenschaftlern und Wissenschaftlerinnen der großen deutschen Wissenschaftsorganisationen und herausgegeben von einem renommierten Experten auf dem Gebiet, bringt dem Leser nicht nur die ungeheure Vielfalt des Lebens auf der Erde näher, sondern zeigt auch in einer gut verständlichen Sprache die Prinzipien und die Bedeutung der Biodiversität für das Leben auf der Erde auf. Darüber hinaus widmet sich das Werk dem komplexen und keineswegs immer negativen Zusammenspiel von menschlichen Einfl üssen und Biodiversität, und es diskutiert die verschiedenen Ansätze, um dieses Zusammenspiel zum Nutzen von Natur und Mensch zu verbessern. Das Buch wurde sprachlich und grafi sch von der bekannten Wissenschaftsjournalistin Claudia von See bearbeitet und ist nicht nur fachlich aktuell, sondern auch ein echter Lesegenuss.
Irrwitziges aus der Wissenschaft. Von Dunkelbirnen und Leuchtkaninchen
Science need not only be amusing, it can even be side-splittingly funny. This book presents oddities from various areas of knowledge: weird events, involuntary funnies or «facts» that have become twisted over the years. These include «The phenomenon of the disappearing tea spoons», «Sir Herschel's supposed lunar studies» and «The Mittelstress method», as well as Schiller and Goethe's hashish consumption. The stories and anecdotes can be read in one go or section-by-section, or dipped into every now and then, and are intended to make the reader, whether a scientist or layperson, laugh. After all, life is serious enough as it is.
Verfahrensentwicklung. Von der ersten Idee zur chemischen Prodiktionsanlage
Von der Ideenfindung zur chemischen Produktionsanlage ist es ein weiter Weg. Kaum etwas ist so komplex wie die Herstellung chemischer Produkte. Die verschiedensten Aspekte – auch solche, die in der Ausbildung von Naturwissenschaftlern vielleicht nur am Rande oder gar nicht berücksichtigt werden wie etwa Wirtschaftlichkeitsbetrachtungen, die Patent- und Lizenzsituation, Anforderungen an den Standort, Entsorgungsprobleme – werden dargestellt. Das Buch eignet sich für den Berufsanfänger ebenso wie für den Praktiker im Betrieb. Es ist eine gemeinsame Grundlage für Ingenieure und Chemiker und sollte als Nachschlagewerk auf keinem Schreibtisch fehlen. Der Autor beschränkt sich nicht auf Verweise auf weiterführende Literatur: viele Fakten werden wiederholt und in Zusammenhang zum Thema gebracht, Formeln kurz abgeleitet, so dass sich der Gang in die Bibliothek und der Griff zu weiteren Büchern häufig erübrigt. Es hilft Mitarbeitern in Forschung und Entwicklung ebenso wie Betriebsleitern, Fehler zu vermeiden und vermittelt die nötige Sicherheit.
Biotechnology and Biopharmaceuticals. Transforming Proteins and Genes into Drugs
Biotechnology and Biopharmaceuticals: Transforming Proteins and Genes into Drugs, Second Edition addresses the pivotal issues relating to translational science, including preclinical and clinical drug development, regulatory science, pharmaco-economics and cost-effectiveness considerations. The new edition also provides an update on new proteins and genetic medicines, the translational and integrated sciences that continue to fuel the innovations in medicine, as well as the new areas of therapeutic development including cancer vaccines, stem cell therapeutics, and cell-based therapies.
Dynamics of Large Herbivore Populations in Changing Environments. Towards Appropriate Models
This book aims to reconcile theoretical models of population dynamics with what is currently known about the population dynamics of large mammalian herbivores. It arose from a working group established at the National Center for Ecological Analysis and Synthesis at the University of California, Santa Barbara, to address the need for models that better accommodate environmental variability, especially for herbivores dependent on changing vegetation resources. The initial chapter reviews findings from definitive long-term studies of certain other ungulate populations, many based on individually identifiable animals. Other chapters cover climatic influences, emphasising temperate versus tropical contrasts, and demographic processes underlying population dynamics, more generally. There are new assessments of irruptive population dynamics, and of the consequences of landscape heterogeneity for herbivore populations. An initial review of candidate population models is followed up by a final chapter outlining how these models might be modified to better accommodate environmental variability. The contents provide a foundation for resolving problems of diminishing large mammal populations in Africa, over-abundant ungulate populations elsewhere, and general consequences of global change for biodiversity conservation. This book will serve as a definitive outline of what is currently known about the population dynamics of large herbivores.
Microcalorimetry of Macromolecules. The Physical Basis of Biological Structures
Examining the physical basis of the structure of macromolecules—proteins, nucleic acids, and their complexes—using calorimetric techniques Many scientists working in biology are unfamiliar with the basics of thermodynamics and its role in determining molecular structures. Yet measuring the heat of structural change a molecule undergoes under various conditions yields information on the energies involved and, thus, on the physical bases of the considered structures. Microcalorimetry of Macromolecules offers protein scientists unique access to this important information. Divided into thirteen chapters, the book introduces readers to the basics of thermodynamics as it applies to calorimetry, the evolution of the calorimetric technique, as well as how calorimetric techniques are used in the thermodynamic studies of macromolecules, detailing instruments for measuring the heat effects of various processes. Also provided is general information on the structure of biological macromolecules, proteins, and nucleic acids, focusing on the key thermodynamic problems relating to their structure. The book covers: The use of supersensitive calorimetric instruments, including micro and nano-calorimeters for measuring the heat of isothermal reactions (Isothermal Titration Nano-Calorimeter), the heat capacities over a broad temperature range (Scanning Nano-Calorimeter), and pressure effects (Pressure Perturbation Nano-Calorimeter) Two of the simplest but key structural elements: the α and polyproline helices and their complexes, the α-helical coiled-coil, and the pyroline coiled-coils Complicated macromolecular formations, including small globular proteins, multidomain proteins and their complexes, and nucleic acids Numerous examples of measuring the ground state of protein energetics, as well as changes seen when proteins interact The book also reveals how intertwined structure and thermodynamics are in terms of a macromolecule's organization, mechanism of formation, the stabilization of its three-dimensional structure, and ultimately, its function. The first book to describe microcalorimetric technique in detail, enough for graduate students and research scientists to successfully plumb the structural mysteries of proteins and the double helix, Microcalorimetry of Macromolecules is an essential introduction to using a microcalorimeter in biological studies.
Natural Lactones and Lactams. Synthesis, Occurrence and Biological Activity
While there are numerous books on heterocycles and natural products, this text fills the need for an up-to-date summary focusing on recently developed and improved synthetic methods for the preparation of the most important classes of lactones and lactams – all in one volume. Comprehensive in its coverage, this book also provides readers with a brief description of the occurrence and biological or pharmaceutical activity of the compounds, and each chapter deals with a certain class of lactones or lactames to enable quick access to the information needed. A valuable resource for organic chemists, biochemists and medicinal chemists in academia and industry wanting to learn about successful synthetic routes leading to important natural products and use this as inspiration for their own work in the lab.
Nematicons. Spatial Optical Solitons in Nematic Liquid Crystals
The first book of its kind to introduce the fundamentals, basic features and models, potential applications and novel phenomena and its important applications in liquid crystal technology. Recognized leader in the field Gaetano Assanto outlines the peculiar characteristics of nematicons and the promise they have for the future growth of this captivating new field.
Scale Invariance. Self-Similarity of the Physical World
Bringing the concepts of dimensional analysis, self-similarity, and fractal dimensions together in a logical and self-contained manner, this book reveals the close links between modern theoretical physics and applied mathematics. The author focuses on the classic applications of self-similar solutions within astrophysical systems, with some general theory of self-similar solutions, so as to provide a framework for researchers to apply the principles across all scientific disciplines. He discusses recent advances in theoretical techniques of scaling while presenting a uniform technique that encompasses these developments, as well as applications to almost any branch of quantitative science. The result is an invaluable reference for active scientists, featuring examples of dimensions and scaling in condensed matter physics, astrophysics, fluid mechanics, and general relativity, as well as in mathematics and engineering.
The Pauson-Khand Reaction. Scope, Variations and Applications
The Pauson-Khand reaction is an important reaction in the field of organic chemistry. It involves the transition-metal catalysed cycloaddition of an alkyne, an alkene and carbon monoxide, to produce cyclopentenones. The importance of this reaction originates from its high value in transforming simple components into the synthetically useful cyclopentenone unit, in which a high degree of molecular complexity can be achieved in a single step, with impressive stereochemical and regiochemical control. The Pauson-Khand Reaction investigates the nature and many variations of this reaction. Topics covered include: the mechanisms of Pauson‐Khand-type reactions non chiral intramolecular and intermolecular versions of Pauson‐Khand reactions asymmetric Pauson‐Khand reaction using chiral auxiliaries the enantioselective Pauson‐Khand reaction Pauson‐Khand reactions catalysed by metals other than cobalt unconventional Pauson‐Khand reactions the Pauson‐Khand reaction in total synthesis Presenting a comprehensive overview of this fundamental reaction, The Pauson-Khand Reaction will find a place on the bookshelves of any organic or organometallic chemist.