Ukrainian Nationalists and the Holocaust. John-Paul Himka

Collected Memories, 46-47.

73 Spector, Holocaust of Volhynian Jews, 2.

74 Kraft, “Archival Memory,” 316 n. 3.

75 Lower, The Diary of Samuel Golfard. I was not able to consult A. Klonicki-Klonymus, The Diary of Adam's Father (Jerusalem, 1973).

76 Siemaszko and Siemaszko, Ludobójstwo. I would like to thank Michal Mlynarz for his invaluable help with this.

77 Andrzej, “Tadeusz Zaderecki.” This article provides links to some of Zaderecki’s publications of the 1930s.

78 Zaderecki, “Gdy swastyka Lwowem władała.”

79 Tadeusz Zaderecki, Lwów under the Swastika: The Destruction of the Jewish Community through the Eyes of a Polish Writer (Jerusalem: Yad Vashem, 2018). I have been unable to consult this volume myself.

80 Spector, Holocaust of Volhynian Jews, 2-3.

81 Himka, “Ukrainian Memories of the Holocaust,” 427.

82 The memoir section is called “Spomyny.”

83 See my analysis of a documentary put out by the Centre on Ukraine during World War II: Himka, “Victim Cinema.”

84 UCRDC, “Spomyny,” no. 33 (Ivan P”iatka). In 2014 the Lviv historian Andrii Bolianovsky brought to my attention that there is another memoir of a Ukrainian policeman in the UCRDC: B., “Ukrains’ka politsiia. Spomyn. Burlington, Ontario, 1988.” When I made a request to see it in 2018, I was informed that access was “still restricted.” Emails Andrii Bolianovsky to John-Paul Himka, 1 October 2014, UCRDC Office to John-Paul Himka, 28 May 2018. Subsequently Bolianovsky sent me photos of pages from the memoir, which he had clearly had access to.

85 Himka and Himka, “Absence and Presence,” 19-20.

86 Yahad-in Unum Testimony no. 737.

87 Ibid. no. 802.

88 Ibid. no. 827.

89 E.g., Shoah Foundation 36160 Dmitrii Omelianiuk; see also the film based on Ukrainian interviews for the Shoah Foundation: Spell Your Name (Nazvy svoie im”ia) (2006) directed by Sergei Bukovsky and presented by Steven Spielberg and Viktor Pinchuk.

90 Strutyns’ka, Daleke zblyz’ka, 145-246.

91 Strutyns’ka, Buria nad L’vovom.

92 Nakonechnyi, “Shoa” u L’vovi.

93 For a more extended analysis, see Himka, “Debates in Ukraine,” 353-56.

94 Shepelev, “Fotografii,” 431 n. 12.

95 See his beautiful and moving remembrance of her: Preston, “A Bird in the Wind.”

96 It is in the Steven Spielberg Film and Video Archive, acc. no. 2013.himka, RG-60.1414, film ID 2983. I also have a copy in my possession.

97 Shepelev, “Fotografii,” 435, 441.

98 Hirsch, “Surviving Images,” 37 n. 32.

99 AŻIH, 301/442, Róża Wagner, 3-4.

100 See above, 36-37.

101 On the successes and repression of the Melnykites in Kyiv, see Kurylo, “Syla ta slabkist’.” On the antisemitism of the Melnykite milieus in light of contemporary Ukrainian historico-political controversies, see Radchenko, “‘I todi braty.’“ Myroslav Shkandrij wrote that after the repressions in Ukrains’ke Slovo, its replacement, Nove ukrains’ke slovo, was “anti-Ukrainian and antisemitic.” Shkandrij, Ukrainian Nationalism, 176. This is true, but it implies that the Melnykite paper was not antisemitic beforehand, which was, as Radchenko shows, not the case.

102 Himka, “Krakivski visti and the Jews.” Himka, “Ethnicity and the Reporting of Mass Murder.”

103 Kogon was a Christian who opposed the Nazis and paid for this with six years in Buchenwald. After the war he wrote the first major analysis of the concentration camp system, Der SS Staat (1946), published in English as The Theory and Practice of Hell.

104 Ianiv, “Za dobre im”ia ukrains’koho narodu.”

105 The last major review of the metropolitan’s thoughts and actions during the Holocaust was my own: Himka, “Metropolitan Andrei Sheptytsky and the Holocaust.”

106 “Ukraintsi i zhydy.”

107 See, for example, Radchenko, “‘Niemcy znaleźli.’“

108 See below, 208-10.

109 Translation taken from Berkhoff and Carynnyk, “The Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists,” 170-71; Ukrainian text: 153, 162. Underlining in the original.

110 Author’s